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The nature of Mussolini's dictatorship - Coggle Diagram
The nature of Mussolini's dictatorship
Propaganda
state radio network
documentaries and newsreel
Ministry for Press and Propaganda
personality cult
control of how Mussolini was portrayed
catchphrases
applause squad
posters
censorships
Education
removing of all Jewish students and teachers from schools
kindergarten --> prayers
fascist version of history taught
new textbooks
youth organizations
GIL
membership compulsory
Giuseppe Bottai -- Minister for education
Economy
Economic Battles
"Battle over the Southern Problem"
"Battle for Grain"
"Battle for Land"
"Battle for Lira"
the Biennio Rosso
boost to the fascists
The Great Depression
Institute of Industrial Reconstruction IRI
Women
traditional housewife role was stressed
"Battle for Births"
aimed to increase the Italian population
taxation policy
laws against abortion and divorce
only 10% of state jobs could be held by women
Social Classes & Fascism
Workers
beneficial for them until 1926
decline in economy
declining wages and living standards
lost their independent trade unions (banned)
Middle Classes
small businesses hit by the Great Depression
those of state bureaucracy experienced prosperity
Economic Elite
Industrialists/landowners gained the most
government contracts
IRI gave financial assistance
played a big role in the boost of fascists
financed Mussolini
Use of Violence
Justification
necessary
the socialists and communists
prevent Bolshevik revolution
The Squadristi
the Ras
later squads formed into national militia --> National Security Guard
anti-socialist crusade
Dual policy
Internally support use of violence
externally condemn violence
March on Rome 1922
OVRA
Matteotti Crisis
Amerigo Dumini
Policy making
Internal Policy
anti-socialistic
Acerbo Law 1923
all political parties other than the PNF were banned
series of laws to control the press
Mussolini became "Head of Government" 1925
allowed to issue decrees without parliamentary consent 1926
1928 elections changing the electoral system again
economic battles
IRI
Mussolini's social policy
L'inquadramento
propaganda targeting different social groups
Charter of Race
Foreign Policy
Corfu Incident
Rome-Berlin Axis 1936
Abyssinian crisis 1935