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THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION, martin luther 95 theses, REligious division in…
THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION
CAUSES
The church's wealth
The high clergy ived a
life of luxury
The church
possesed extensive lands
Church taxed ordinary people
Church obtained income
by carrying out
religious sacraments
from
veneration of
holy relics
saints
the Virgin Mary
The buying and selling
of ecclesiastical positions
These positions provided
an income
economic rights
They were a way of getting rich
The bad example
set by the high clergy
They did not respect the customs or morals that they preached
The low's clergy's
lack of training
Many priests did not behave appropriately
Church did not give much importance to the training of its priests
The sale of indulgences
A
religious movement
which began
in the first half of the 16th century.
It instigated:
The
division of the Christian church
The
founding of Protestant churches
LUTHER'S BREAK
FROM ROME
Martin Luther
(German priest)
He was
scandalised by
the amount of corruption in the Church
1517: He published his
95 Theses
criticising
the sale of indulgences
other bad practices
The beginning of the Protestant Reformation
LUTHERANS DOCTRINE
Forgiveness and salvation depend on
faith and God's will
they do not depend on the good deeds
Rejection of
the veneration of the
Virgin Mary
saints
holy relics
the sacraments except for
baptism
the Eucharist
Free interpretation of the Bible
Priests should be abolished
Anyone could read and interpret the Bible in their own way
Opposition to the Church owning property
Support for the nobles taking over the Church's posessions
THE SPREAD OF
THE REFORMATION
Lutherism spread rapidly
across northern Europe
Low Countries
Denmark
Germany
the countries of
the Scandinavian Peninsula
Other reformers appeared
John Calvin
French theologian who spread a type of Protestantism from Geneva in Swittzerland
Beliefs based on PREDESTINATION
People
destined for salvation
or damnation from birth
Calvinism spread
accross Switzerland
to England (Puritans)
to Scotland (Presbyterians)
to France (Huguenots)
to the north of Low Countries
Henry VIII
1534: He broke with
the Catholic Church
Pope didn't give his consent to divorce Catherine of Aragón
Act of Supremacy
was passed
he appointed himself
head of the Church of England
or ANGLICAN CHURCH
Ultricht Zwingli
Swiss pastor
He founded the
Reformed Church
in Zurich
Doctrine
Rejection of the authority of the Pope
he proposed
abolishing
celibacy
among priests
religious imagery
