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Science study notes Fluids - Coggle Diagram
Science study notes Fluids
Formulas:
Density = Mass / Volume
Pressure in Pascals = Force in Newtons / Area in M squared
Volume = Mass / Density
Force in Newtons = Mass in kg x 10N/kg
Mass = Density x Volume
Particle theory of matter:
All particles of one substance are identicle
Temperature affects the speed at which particles move
All particles are in constant motion
In liquids and solids the particles are close together and have strong forces of attraction between them
All matter is made up of particles
In a gas there are spaces between the particles
Definitions:
Matter: Anything that has mass and volume ex. Water bottle, Mouse
Slurry: A mix of solids and liquids ex. Cement
Mass: Mass is a measure of how much matter is in a substance
Volume: Volume is a measure of how much space a substance takes up
Fluids: Any substance that flows ex. Water or Air
Thermal Expansion: Is an increase in the volume of a substance in responds to the increase in temperature
Density: The amount of mass in a certain volume
Flow rate: The speed at which a fluid flows
Compression: Is a decreases in volume caused by force
Compressibility: Is the property of being able to be compressed
Pressure: Pressure is the amount of force applied to a given area
Incompressibility: Which means they cannot be compressed easily
Buoyancy: the upward force created by a fluid
Force: Is a push or a pull that acts on a object
Buoyancy: Is the tendency of an object in a fluid to rise or sink due to the differences with its surroundings
The upward force on a object in water is called the buoyant force and the downward force is called gravity
Plimsoll Line: Shows how heavily a ship can be safely loaded in different water conditions
Different Changes of state
Solid to Liquid: Melting
Solid to Gas: Sublimation
Liquid to Solid: Freezing
Liquid to Gas: Evaporation
Gas to Solid: Deposition
Gas to Liquid: Condensation
Measurments
1m cubed = 1000L
1g = 1ml
1000 Pa = 1 kPa
Archimedes Principle
That the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object
Pascal's Law
Pascal's law says that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid will be transmitted without a change in magnitude to every point of the fluid and to the walls of the container. The pressure at any point in the fluid is equal in all directions.