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Claudia Rodríguez y Nastia Moreu - Coggle Diagram
Claudia Rodríguez y Nastia Moreu
Conductors and insulators
Materials that let electric current flow thougth the,are called Conductors.For example:gold ,silver,Copper, Aluminium
Materials that do not let electric current flow throuht them are called insulators.For example:Wood,Plastic,Carboard
Electricity.Electrical energy
All materials are made up of very small particles calles atoms
We can classify this tiny particles according to their charge into three types
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Electricity is a form of energy that lets negatively charged particles
Electrical current is the flow of electrons from one atom to another inside a conductive material
Electrical energy is the most common form of energy because it is easy to obtain
Heat
Sound
Light
Motion
Electric circuits. Components
An electrical circuit is a series of interconnected components that an electric current flows througt to produce an effect
There is four main components in an electric circuit
Power sources
Components that supply the necessary electrical energy. The generatos of direct current in a circuit are cells and batteries
Conductors
Components that transport the electrical energy. The conductive components of a circuit are the wires
Load devices
Components that recive the electrical energy. Examples: Motors, lamps, buzzers and resistors
Control devices
Devices that regulate the circuit. Types of control devives: one-way switches, push switches and two-way switches
Components of a circuit
Component:
Cell=Supplies eectrical energy to the rest of the circuit.They have positive terminal and negative terminal
Battery=A grouped set of cells
Load devices:
Lamp=Convert electrical energy to light energy Motor=Converts electrical energy to kinetic energy Buzzel=Convert electrica energy to soung energy Resistor=Convert electrical energy to heat energy
Conductors:
Wire=the commponent that the electric currents flows trought
Control devices: One way switch= One position opens the circuit and the other closes
Push switch= Push switch,open and close the circuit but only when the button is pussed Two way switch=They only have " potitions when you press them, they change to one position to the other
Open circuits, closed circuits and short circuits
Open circuits: A circuit is open when the energy of the power source
cannot reach
the load devices, so the electric current cannot flow
Closed circuits: A circuit is closed when the energy of the power source
reaches
the load devices, so the electric current flows
Short circuits: In an electric circuit, a short circuit occurs when the electric current is transported by the wires without passing through a load device
Converting electrical energy: Electrical energy can be converted to other types of energy:
Light:
We can convert electricity to light through load devices such as incandescent lamps.
Heat
: When electrons move through a conductor or load device, they create friction with the material as they pass through, Which produces heat. This effect is know as the
Joule effect.
Motion
: We can also convert electricity to motion using a motor
Sound:
We can use electrical energy to transmit sounds through microphones and we can produce sound effects through sirens, buzzers and bells
Energy and the environment
Environmental impact of energy production and transmission
Electrical energy is generated industrially in power stations, wich covert a form of energy to electrical energy
Responsible use of electrical energy
When we save energy, we save money too but more importanty
Types of circuit:Series parallel and
series pararel combination
Parallel circuits= In this circuit the load devices areconnected on a differen branches of the wire
Series paralel cobination ciruits= These circuit contain devices connected in series and pararel
series circuts: in these circuit,all the components are conected one after the other,if one load stop working,all of them stop working
