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Animalia - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Leucosolenia
        
        Remove up to 95% of bacteria and particles from the water (POM) and 90% of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), thereby converting suspended particles and dissolved matter into food for other animals. Up to 97% of the diet can be dissolved matter.
    - - Hexactinellid
        
        Glass sponges constantly pump water through their glassy structures, taking bacteria and other small particles out of the water to use for growth.
    - - Demosponge
        
        Demospongiae are filter-feeders.
  - - - Craspedacusta sowerbyi
        
        its presence has the potential to significantly alter zooplankton communities and, therefore, aquatic food webs, via both direct predation (rotifers, small cladocera, copepods) and incidental mortality (larger zooplankton and small/larval fish).
    - - Aurelia aurita
        
        an important role in pelagic organic matter transformations. As they feed on copepods and fish larvae they may affect plankton community. These are survivors and they thrive in dirty, polluted and low oxygen water.
    - - Sea pen
        
        Sea pens play a fundamental ecological role adding structural complexity to an otherwise homogeneous habitat, thereby increasing biodiversity
  - - - Dugesia aenigma
        
        Dugesia tigrina is prey to a variety of animals, including fish, amphibians, and insects. It is also a predator itself of insects, aquatic worms, and crustaceans. As a significant predator of insect larvae, particularly mosquitoes, these flatworms have been able to eat enough mosquito larvae to decrease their population size in some habitats.
    - - Digenea
        
        Free-swimming cercariae leave the snail host and move through the aquatic or marine environment, often using a whip-like tail, though a tremendous diversity of tail morphology is seen. Cercariae are infective to the second host in the life cycle, and infection may occur passively (e.g., a fish consumes a cercaria) or actively (the cercaria penetrates the fish).
    - - Eucestoda
        
        They are parasites; they live inside other organisms, chiefly other animals, and skim off resources from their hosts. They depend upon animals for their pollination (that is what flowers are for), but they get their energy from the soil and the sun. This makes them ecologically producers.
    - - Polystoma integerrimum
        
        Polystoma integerrimum feeds primarily on blood, sloughed epithelial cells and mucus. But it can also derive oxygen and other chemicals from the aquatic environment in which it is bathed. Hence, the body wall is important as an absorptive layer.
  - - - As meiobenthic animals, kinorhynchs are an important link in the food chain as prey for larger animals. Kinorhynchs may be parasitized by fungi, and some species may be commensal with bryozoans, hydrozoans, and sponges.
  - - - Nereididae
        
        they play aid the fishing industry because they help provide a healthy environment and a food source
    - - Earthworms
        
        Earthworms can play a variety of important roles in ecosystems. Their feeding and burrowing activities incorporate organic residues and amendments into the soil, enhancing decomposition, humus formation, nutrient cycling, and soil structural development
    - - Leech
        
        Leeches serve as food for some higher predators in the food chain.
  - - - Chitons
        
        chitons are important for their role as primary consumers of marine plants, many chitons feed predominantly on animals
    - - Tusk shell
        
        The posterior end admits water for respiration and discharges wastes. Tusk shells feed upon such small organisms as protozoans of the order Forminifera and young bivalves.
    - - Bivalvia
        
        Bivalve molluscs are abundant in marine and freshwater ecosystems and perform important ecological functions. Bivalves impact nutrient cycling, create and modify habitat, and affect food webs directly
    - - Cephalopod
        
        to have a structuring role in marine ecosystems as a link between different trophic levels, primarily due to their voracious prey consumption and high production rate.
    - - Apple snails
        
        Apple snails are herbivores with a wide menu (rice seedlings, taro, duck weed, water hyacinth, algae, azolla, and other succulent leafy plants). They prefer young, soft plants. They will eat eggs and juveniles of other snails. They also eat decomposing organic matter.
  - - - True crabs
        
        many of them are eaten by humans as well as other living beings and also, they become food for many organisms. They play a significant role in the fishery wealth of many nations and are an important protein source.
    - - Coccinellidae
        
        Many ladybird beetles are important predators of insect herbivores in managed and natural ecosystems throughout the world. Thus, they play a tremendous role in protecting crop and non-crop plants from the ravages of herbivores.
    - - Centipede
        
        Centipedes are predators and will eat insects that do not belong in your garden. Both like damp areas and can prove to be beneficial in the garden, as long as their numbers are controlled.
    - - Scorpions
        
        an important role in their ecosystem by keeping insect populations low. Scorpions use their venom to subdue their prey and for protection.
  - - - Forcipulatida
        
        So starfish are predators, and they're probably the most important predator in the shallow ecosystem – so the depths where we would dive or swim. They eat basically anything that they can come across. Their feeding activities control the whole ecosystem.
    - - Ophiurida
        
        They play an important role in the Arctic food web. First, they are known to be seafloor ecosystem engineers. They reshape the seafloor sediment surface and influence the distribution of other seafloor species. They also provide nutrition to fish, sea stars and crab predators.
    - - Arbacioida
        
        They are important herbivores on coral reefs, and in some ecosystems they play a critical role in maintaining the balance between coral and algae. Their role can be especially important on reefs where other herbivores (such as parrotfishes and rabbitfishes) have been depleted.
    - - Synallactida
        
        They play an important role in nutrient cycling. Their actions reduce organic loads and redistribute surface sediment, and the inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus they excrete enhances the benthic habitat.
    - - Comatulida
        
        The feather star habitat aids the fascinating creature's diet by providing constant movement of seawater and various substrates to which the animal attaches
- - - - Pteraspidomorphi
        
        They are ectothermic, meaning they do not regulate their own body temperature. Agnathan metabolism is slow in cold water, and therefore they do not have to eat very much. They have no distinct stomach, but rather a long gut, more or less homogeneous throughout its length. Lampreys feed on other fish and mammals.
    - - Carcharodon carcharias
        
        sharks play an important role in the ecosystem by maintaining the species below them in the food chain and serving as an indicator for ocean health. They help remove the weak and the sick as well as keeping the balance with competitors helping to ensure species diversity.
    - - Siluriformes
        
        catfish mainly interact with other animals in their ecosystem as predators or as prey. Some freshwater mussel species use channel catfish as a host for their larvae, the larvae travel in the gills of the catfish and fall out onto the bottoms of rivers and lakes, where they transform to adults.
  - - - Monotremes
        
        Ornithorhynchus anatinus
        
        Since the platypus is a carnivore, it plays the typical role of the carnivore in an ecosystem. It keeps the populations of species in lower levels of the food chain in check.
      - Marsupials
        
        Kangaroo
        
        Kangaroos are some of Australia's most recognisable and well known native animals. They form an integral part of our natural ecosystems, playing an important role in promoting the regeneration of native plants.
      - Placental
        
        Blue whale
        
        Blue whales lie on the top of the food chain and feed on krill. They keep the number of krill in balance which allows the plankton to thrive and this keeps the ecosystem in balance. The number of phytoplankton is important because they are at the bottom of the food pyramid for marine animals.
    - - Hyacinth macaw
        
        Hyacinth macaws play an important role in their habitats by dispering the seeds and nuts they feed on. This allows seeds to be germinated, and for vegetation to grow throughout their range, providing a base for the rest of the food chain.
    - - Turtles and Tortoises
        
        Testudines
        
        They play an important role in ocean ecosystems by maintaining healthy seagrass beds and coral reefs, providing key habitat for other marine life, helping to balance marine food webs and facilitating nutrient cycling from water to land.
      - Snakes and Lizards
        
        Pythons
        
        They play an important role in our ecosystem by maintaining a balance to the food web. Because snakes are both predator and pray, they keep the pest population down by feeding on mice and other small rodents that damage crops and carry disease.
      - Crocodiles and Alligators
        
        Nile crocodile
        
        Nile crocodiles are ecologically important as predators. They help the environment by keeping barbel catfish, which are predators themselves, in check. Barbels eat other fishes which are the diet of more than 40 species of birds.
      - Tuatara
        
        Sphenodon punctatus
        
        They eat mostly insects, especially beetles, but have been known to eat lizards, birds, and bird eggs to keep the food web balance.
    - - Frogs
        
        Frogs play a central role in many ecosystems. They control the insect population, and they're a food source for many larger animals. Frogs can also secrete substances through their skin. Some secretions are beneficial -- researchers have used some of them to create new antibiotics and painkillers