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Cardiovascular System Yajaira Bonilla-Lopez Period 6 - Coggle Diagram
Cardiovascular System Yajaira Bonilla-Lopez Period 6
Major Functions
"To transport nutrients, gases and waste products around the body"
"To protect the body from infection and blood loss"
"To help the body maintain a constant body temperature (‘thermoregulation’)"
"To help maintain fluid balance within the body"
Anatomy Of The Heart
The 4 Chambers
2 Atria (L&R)- Thin walled collecting chambers
2 Ventricles (L&R): Thick, muscular pumping chambers
4 Valves Of The Heart
Atrioventricular (AV) Valves
Right: Tricuspid
Left: Bicuspid or mitral
Semilunar Valves
Pulmonary: comes before lungs
Aortic: comes before aorta
Atrloventricular (AV) Valves
Cordea Tendonae: Flaps of these valves are controlled by strings
Layers Of The Heart
The three layers of the heart
Epicardium: The thin layer of CT.
Myocardium: Cardiac Muscle, the layer that contracts.
Endocardium : Simple, Squamous epithelium, continuous with blood vessels.
Blood Flow
The pathway of the blood through the heart and body.
Its begins in the heat, Superior Vena cava
Then travels to the Right Atrium
Then to the Tricuspid Valve
To the Right Ventricle
Then the Pulmonary Artery
The through the Lungs
The the Pulmonary veins
Then through the Left Atrium
The to the Bicuspid (Atrioventicular) Valve.
Then to the Left Ventricle
Then Aortic Semilunar Valve
Then to the Aorta
Then lastly to the body organs and cells and the back to the superior vena cava,
Structural and Functional Differences Between Blood Vessels Types
Ateries: Thickest layer; carry high pressure blood
Veins: Lumens (space inside of blood vessels) of veins are larger
Capillaries: Only one cell thick
Cardiac Cycle and ECG
Cardiac Cycle
A cardiac cycle is the rhythmic of the heartbeat which the average bets per minute is 72 beats.
Stroke Volume- Volume of the blood ejected from one ventricle with each beat.
Cardiac Output- Is the amount of blood that one ventricle can pump each minute; average is about SL per min. at rest.
ECG
ECG or electrocardiogram is when the visible tracing of the electrical signs.
P wave- associated with depolarization of the atria.
QRS Complex- associated with depolarization of the ventricles and repolarization of atria.
T-Wave- associated with the repolazation of the ventricle.
Disorders Of The Cardiovascular System
Heart Failure
"A progressive heart disease that affects pumping action of the heart muscles."
Coronary Artery Disease
"ischemic heart disease (IHD), or simply heart disease, involves the reduction of blood flow to the heart muscle due to build-up of plaque (atherosclerosis) in the arteries of the heart."
Arrhythmia.
"When electrical impulses in your heart aren't working properly, you get an irregular heartbeat"