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SPANISH CULTURE IN THE 16th CENTURY, La_Trinidad_(El_Greco,_1577-1579),…
SPANISH CULTURE IN THE 16th CENTURY
LITERATURE
RELIGIOUS authors:
mystics
Spiritual experiences
St Teresa of Jesus
St. John of the Cross
NOVELS
Realistic portrayals of daily life
Lazarillo de Tormes
(unknown author)
The tragicomedy of Calisto and Melibea
(
Fernando de Rojas
)
POET
Garcilaso de la Vega
ART
Works of art
Portraits
Depictions of
religious themes
STYLES
CLASSICIST
Harmony
and
serenity
infliuenced by
Italian art
Flemish painting
although
mythological themes and nudes were not portrayed
MANNERIST
the
works
were
expressive
had a
dramatic quality
Second half of the century
To evoke intense feelings antd
to strength religious beliefs
ARCHITECTURE
CLASSICIST or
PURIST STYLE
It reproduced the
architectural characteristics of the Italian Renaissance
Amount of decoration was reduced
Classical elements were accentuated
columns
pediments
Second third of the century
Examples
by
Diego de Siloé
Granada Cathedral
by
Pedro Machuca
The Palace of Carlos V in the Alhambra in Granada
by
Andrés de Vandelvira
Jaén Cathedral
El Salvador Church in Úbeda
by
Alonso de Covarrubias
The facade of the Alcázar in Toledo
The Bisagra Gate in Toledo
THE HERRERIAN
STYLE
Last third of the century
Austere decoration
Geometric spaces
Its name comes from
the architect
Juan Herrera
the Monastery of
San Lorenzo de El Escorial
Commissioned by Felipe II
to commemorate the victory at the Battle of Saint Quentin
Built on a massive scale
It consits of
a palace
a monastery with a church
a pantheon
Designed
to reflect the greatness of Felipe II's empire
PLATERESQUE
First third of the century
Ornate facades
Examples
Salamanca University,
San Marcos Hospital in León
Santo Domingo Cathedral
Similar to the work that silversmiths produced at the time
SCULPTURE
and
PAINTING
SCULPTURE
CLASSICIST style
Sculptures by the Italians
Leoni Leoni
Pompeo Leoni
Carlos V's and Felipe II's
cenotaphs
the bronze sulptures on the altarpiece of the Basilica of
the Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial
the sculpture of Carlos V and the Wrath
MANNERISM style
the faces became more expresive
to evoke
intense feelings
to reflect the
dramatic situations
in some passages of the Bible
Main works
Religious imagery
painted wooden carvings and altarpieces
Main artists
Alonso Berruguete
The sacrifice of Isaac
The Martyrdom of Sant Sebastian
Juan de Juni
The Entombment of Christ
The Virgin of Anguish
PAINTING
The Spanish
Juan de Juanes
The Last Supper
Ecce Homo
The Italian
Titian
Carlos V's court painter
Battle of Mülberg
Isabella of Portugal
Felipe II's
protrait painters
Alonso Sánchez Coello
Juan Pantoja de Cruz
From the
middle of
the century onwards
Influence of
Michelangelo
and
MANNERISM
Use of
elongated figures
Dramatic expressions on their faces
Examples
Luis de Morales
Madonna
Child and Piety
In the
last third
of the century
El Greco
A Greek artist who worked in Toledo
Drama and spirituality reflected on the faces
The use of
elongated figures
Cool colours and dark tones
Examples
The Burial of the Count of Orgaz
The Disrobing of Christ
The Holy Trinity
