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reliability - Coggle Diagram
reliability
internal reliability
issues
more than one measure- if there is more than one test (such as used in a repeated measure design) then is there consistency of challenge in each test?
within a measure- if a measure has more than one question (e.g. IQ test) or item (e.g. different words in a memory test or obstacles in a driving test) then are these questions/ items consistently measuring the same thing
more than one researcher- is there consistency in how they are interpreting behaviour or carrying out the study?
how to overcome issues
clearly operationalise variables so there is less room for different interpretations. standardise procedures to ensure consistency. detailed training of researchers to ensure consistency.
standardise the measures, i.e. make sure they are the same difficulty etc.
standardise each item or question within the study, e.g. each word in a memory list has the same number of letters
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external reliability
issues
behaviour is only measured once- the test may not measure behaviour consistently at other times e.g. a personality test may only indicate ppts personality traits at the time the study was carried out
how to overcome issues
ensure tests etc. are designed in relation to measuring behaviours, attitudes etc, beyond one setting or time
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the consistency of a research study or measuring test. for example, if a person weighs themselves during the course of the day they would expect to see a similar reading. scales which measure weight differently each time would be unreliable and of little use