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EUROPE IN THE AGE OF CARLOS V AND FELIPE II, image, image, image, image,…
EUROPE IN THE AGE OF CARLOS V AND FELIPE II
Felipe II
A global empire
He was given the rest of his territorial patrimony
The Crown of Aragón and his Italian territories
The Low Countries and Franche-Comté
Castilla and his territories in the Americas
In 1580
The king of Portugal died
Inherited this kingdom
Portuguese territories in the Americas
Africa
Asia
After the conquest of the Philippines and the incorporation of the Portuguese territories
Felipe II's dominions stretched across the globe
Increased bureaucracy by founding the Council of Portugal and granting more power to the secretaries
Domestic problems
All the kingdoms on the Peninsula were ruled by the same sovereign
Antonio Pérez, was accused of an assassination in Castilla he was able to take refuge in Aragón
One of the king's secretaries
The king used the Inquisition to capture him, but an uprising in defence of the fueros enabled Pérez to flee to France
Carlos V had left the Crown in financial ruin
The wars of Felipe II
Against the Protestants in the Low Countries
Against the Ottoman empire
Against France
Against England
Spanish culture in the 16th century
Spanish culture was greatly influenced by the Counter-Reformation
Felipe II impeded access to its doctrines
Spaniards were not allowed to study in other countries
Books printed outside the Peninsula were not allowed into the country
Literature
The most famous religious authors were mystics who wrote about their spiritual experiences
Saint John of the Cross
Saint Teresa of Jesus
Garcilaso de la Vega was the most important poet
Art
The church and the monarchy used art to spread their ideas and values
The most important works of art were depictions of religious themes and portraits
In the Spanish Renaissance there were two styles
Classicist
which strove for harmony and serenity and was influenced by Italian art and Flemish painting
Mannerist
The works were expressive and had a dramatic quality.
Architecture
The Plateresque style dominated
This style is characterised by ornate8 facades and was similar to the work that silversmiths produced at that time
Buildings were constructed in a Classicist or Purist style
The Palace of Carlos V
Granada Cathedral
Jaén Cathedral and El Salvador Church in Úbeda
The facade of the Alcázar and the Bisagra Gate
Sculpture
The most important sculptures in the Classicist style are those by the Italians Leoni Leoni and his son Pompeo Leoni
With the adoption of the style of Mannerism
The faces of the sculptures became more expressive
The main artists were
Juan de Juni
Who produced works such as The Entombment of Christ and The Virgen of Anguish
Alonso Berruguete
Who produced works such as The Sacrifice of Isaac and The Martyrdom of Saint Sebastian
Painting
The most important Spanish Renaissance paintings are those by Juan de Juanes
The Last Supper
Ecce Homo
The Italian Titian
The main portrait artist from the Venetian school
The influence of Michael Angelo and Mannerism was reflected
Use of elongated figures with dramatic expressions on their faces
In the last third of the century
The most important artist was El Greco
