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Learning - Resources adapted from Make it Stick: The Science of…
Learning - Resources adapted from Make it Stick: The Science of Successful Learning 
METACOGNITION
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Critical Thinking Skills
ELABORATION
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Improves mastery of new material and multiplies the mental cues available for later recall and application
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REFLECTION
The act of taking a few minutes to review what has been learned in a recent class or experience and asking yourself questions like, "What went well?", "What could have gone better?", "What other knowledge or experiences does this remind you of?", "What do you need to do to better prepare for next time?"
CALIBRATION
The act of using an objective instrument to clear away illusions and adjust your judgment to better reflect reality.
Aligns judgment of what you know and what you don't know with objective feedback so to avoid the illusion of mastery that catches many learners by surprise at test time
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RETRIEVAL STRATEGIES
Guiding questions: What are the key ideas? What terms or ideas are new to me? How would I define them? How do the ideas relate to what I already know?
Make sure to space practicing, interleaving materials, and CHECK YOUR ANSWERS to make sure that your judgment about what you know and don't know is correct
This can feel awkward and frustrating, especially when the new learning is hard to recall
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SPACED PRACTICES
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Our intuition tells us that massed practice is learning because performance improves with rapid repetition, however, these gains in short-term memory fade quickly...leaving the impression that this is a productive practice
Self-quizzing over spaced sessions allows for a little "forgetting", meaning you work harder to reconstruct what you already studied, effectively "reloading" information from long-term memory, forming more secure connections to other knowledge and recent learning
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