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Network Access, • a multiport connectivity device that
direct data…
Network Access
Connectivity Device
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Network Interfaced Card
• a hardware component, typically a circuit board or chip, which is installed on a computer so that it can connect to a network.
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Modem
• Modulation and Demodulation.
• Convert either digital signal to analog signal (modulation) and analog signal to digital signal (demodulation).
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Bridges
• device that connect two network segments by analysing incoming frames and making decisions about where to direct them based on each frame's MAC address.
• operate at the Data Link Layer of the OSI model.
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Repeater
• operate in the Physical layer of OSI model-no
means to interpret the data they retransmit.
• one input and output port- receiving and repeating a single data stream.
• allow user extend a network inexpensively
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Copper Media
Types
Coaxial Cable
commonly used by cable operators, telephone companies and internet providers around the world to convey data, video and voice communications to customers. It has also been used extensively within homes.
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Unshielded Twisted Pair(UTP) Cable 
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-used in Ethernet LANs
-Eight wires twisted into four color-coded pairs and then wound inside a cable jacket
-Colored pairs identify the wires for proper connection at the terminals.
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- conduct electricity signals very well but it has its limitation
-data travels on copper cables as small pulses of electrical voltage cause it easily distorted by outside noise and signal attenuation.
- cable type with sheilding or twisting of the pairs of wires are designed to minimize signal degration
Fibre Optic Media
Types
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Multi mode
has large diametrical core that allows multiple modes of light to propagate. Due to this, number of light reflections created as the light through the core increases, creating the ability for more data to pass through at a given time.
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Single Mode
has a small diametrical core that allows only one mode of light to propagate. Due to this, number of light reflections created as the light passes through the core decreases, lowering attenuation and creating the ability for the signal to travel further.
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• a multiport connectivity device that
direct data between nodes on a network.
• can integrate LANs and WANs running at different transmission speeds and using variety of protocols.
• Layer 3(Network Layer) of OSI model.
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• Wireless Access Panel that allow a Wi-Fi compliant device to connect to a wired network.
• Mobility
• differentiated from a hotspot, which is the physical location where Wi-Fi access to a WLAN is available
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• a repeater with more than one output port
• acçepts signals from a transmitting node and repeats those signals to all other connected nodes in a broadcast fashion.
• it was replaced by routers and switches because of their limited features and the fact that they merely repeat signals within a single collision domain.
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