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ANTIOXIDANTS - Coggle Diagram
ANTIOXIDANTS
Non-enzymatic antioxidants
Vitamins (A, E, C)
Enzyme cofactors (Q10)
Minerals (zinc and selenium)
Peptides (glutathione)
Phenolic acids
Nitrogen compounds (uric acid)
Enzymatic antioxidants
Primary enzymatic defenses
Gluthathione peroxidase
Donates two electrons to reduce peroxides by forming selenols and also eliminates peroxides as poten- tial substrates for the Fenton reaction
Catalase
Turns hydrogen peroxide into water and molecular oxy- gen
Superoxide dismutase
Converts superoxide anions into hydrogen peroxide as a substrate for subse- quent catalase action
Secondary enzymatic defenses
Gluthathione reductase
Reduces glutathione (antioxidant) from its oxidized to its reduced form, and by this recycling, to continue neutralizing more free radicals
Glucose-6-phosphate
Regenerates NADPH, which creates a reducing environment