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Genetics Mind Map, - Coggle Diagram
Genetics Mind Map
Genetic diversity: genetic variability present within species
Variation: any difference between cells, individual organisms, or groups of organisms of any species caused either by genetic differences
Heterozygous: inherited different forms of a particular gene from each parent
Homozygous: having identical pairs of genes for any given pair of hereditary characteristics
Incomplete dominance: a dominant allele, or form of a gene, does not completely mask the effects of a recessive allele
Codominance: the state of being one of two different alleles that are fully expressed in a heterozygous individual
Sexual Reproduction: type of reproduction that involves a complex life cycle in which a gamete with a single set of chromosomes combines with another to produce an organism composed of cells with two sets of chromosomes
Gametes (sex cells): a haploid cell that fuses with another haploid cell during fertilization in organisms that sexually reproduce and possess only one set of dissimilar chromosomes
Haploid: having the gametic number of chromosomes typically including one of each pair of homologous chromosomes
Diploid: having two haploid sets of homologous chromosomes
Meiosis: the cellular process that results in the number of chromosomes in gamete-producing cells being reduced to one half and that involves a reduction division in which one of each pair of homologous chromosomes passes to each daughter cell and a mitotic division
Synthetic biology: multidisciplinary area of research that seeks to create new biological parts, devices, and systems, or to redesign systems that are already found in nature
Chromosome: any of the rod-shaped or threadlike DNA-containing structures of cellular organisms
Mutation: when a DNA gene is damaged or changed in such a way as to alter the genetic message carried by that gene
Heredity: genetically transmitted or transmittable from parent to offspring
recessive: one in which the effect is not tangible, or is masked by the effects of the dominant gene
gene: a specific sequence of nucleotides in DNA
Genotype: is an organism’s complete set of genetic material
Phenotype: the physical form and structure of characteristic and traits
allele: a term coined to describe a specific copy of a gene
Punnett Square: a square diagram that is composed of a grid of usually four boxes and is used to calculate and depict all the combinations and frequencies of the different genotypes and phenotypes among the offspring
dominant: trait that is always expressed when the connected allele is dominant, even if only one copy exists
