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Unit 7: Air Pollution:
(ground level pollution)- the intro of chemical,…
Unit 7: Air Pollution:
(ground level pollution)- the intro of chemical, particulate matter or microorganisms into the atmosphere at concentrations high enough to harm animals, plants and materials such as buildings
Air pollution:
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primary pollutant- a polluting compound that comes directly out of a smokestack, exhaust pipe, or natural emission sourc
secondary pollutant- a primary pollutant that has undergone transformation in the presence of sunlight, water, oxygen, or other compounds (ex:ozone)
Each year, EPA uses a report that shows the national level of 6 criteria air pollutants relative to publish standards
Major Pollutants
sulfur dioxide (SO2)- combustion of fuels that contain sulfur, including coal, oil, gasoline
nitrogen oxides (NOx)- all combustion in the atmosphere including fossil fuel combustion, wood and other biomass burning
Carbon monoxide (CO)- incomplete combustion; malfunctioning exhaust systems and ventilated cooking fires
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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)- an organic compound that evaporates at typical atmospheric temperatures
vocabulary:
photochemical oxidants- a class of air pollutants formed as a result of sunlight acting an compounds such as nitrogen oxides
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sulfurous smog- dominated by sulfur dioxide and sulfate compounds; London type smog/ gray smog/ industrial smog
thermal inversion- a situation in which a relatively warm layer of air at mid altitude covers a layer of cold, dense air
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Indoor air pollution:
- responsible for 4 million deaths annually worldwide
asbestos- a long, thin, fibrous silicate mineral with insulating properties, which can cause cancer when inhaled
(affect of indoor air pollution)
effects: Lung cancer, lung disease, mesothelioma
cleanup: removal, encapsulation
sick building syndrome- a buildup of toxic pollutants in an airtight space, seen in newer buildings
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VOCs- a large group of chemicals that are found in many products we use to build and maintain our homes
effect:
Respiratory & mucous membrane irritant, possible carcinogen
cleanup:
IV; reduce tobacco use; alternate products; air filtering
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smog-a type of air pollution that is a mixture of oxidants and particulate matter; originally used to describe the combo of smoke, fog and sometimes sulfur dioxide that occurs in cities burning large quantities of coal
- associated with urban areas
Air:
- more than 4 in 10 american's live in countries where the air is unhealthy to breathe
- american lung association reported that over 125 million out of 325 million within the US were exposed to air that didn't comply with the max allowed ozone concentration of 0.075 ozone/ million parts of air over an 8 hour period
Acid Rain:
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- has high mobility (allows for great spread)
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- greatest effect is on aquatic ecosystems
- erodes statues and building due acidity
- nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide released into the atmosphere by combustion. then when met with oxygen and water, primary becomes secondary and nitric acid and sulfuric acid is formed
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