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Punishment - Coggle Diagram
Punishment
Deterrence
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Discouraging an action or event (in this case, breaking the law) through instilling doubt or fear of the consequences.
If the offenders are detected and punished with sufficient severity, this should then prevent the offender and also future offenders from violating the law, perhaps due to fear of punishment.
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Incapacitation
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It keeps innocent members of society free from harm, which causes there to be a safe environment and therefore causes the rest of society to not integrate with criminals, lowering the crime rate percentage.
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Crimes can be averted through incapacitation. Larger individual crime rates mean more crimes averted for each unit of time incarcerated.
Retribution
The idea that you should pay for your crimes in order to give the victim a sense of justice as it is punishment inflicted on someone as vengeance for a criminal act.
Retribution is actively to injure criminal offenders, ideally in proportion with their injuries to society, and so expiate them of guilt, and to also give the victim a sense of justice.
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Rehabilitation
Where then offender is encouraged to understand what they have done wrong, perhaps through educational programs, counselling etc.
Reform generally involves psychological approaches which target the cognitive distortions associated with specific kinds of crime committed by particular offenders - but may also involve more general education such as literacy skills and work training.
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Restitution
The action of making amends for a wrong one has done, by providing payment or other assistance to those who have been wronged.
The purpose of reparation is generally understood to reestablish the situation that existed before the harm occurred and also to create a sense of justice.
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Which one is best?
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The court decides which purpose of punishment suits the particular defendant at that particular time.
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