6.2.1 d) Hadron collider and Higgs bosen
Technology used
year discovered
Scientific law/theory/model
Previous law/theory before technology
evidence collected by tech
impact of tech on law/theory
10th Sept. 2008
first started
Large Hadron Collider
particle accelerator
largest
most powerful
27km ring
superconducting magnets
Hadron
accelerators proton or ions
Collider
particles form 2 beams
travel in opposite directions
collide at 4 points
ATLAS
volume detector
detect some of tiniest energetic particles
CMS
general purpose detector
studying Standard Model
accelerates proton
almost speed of light
recreate Big Bang conditions
kinetic energy transforms to matter
occasionally create heavy particles
Higgs Boson
Higgs Boson
discovered Higgs Boson
4th July 2012
Higgs proposed #
energy field that permeated universe
because
lack of understanding
some subatomic particles
large mass
others
little or no mass
Standard Model of Particle Physics
2 grey cones
jets of particles that decayed from
Higgs particle
click to edit
CMS and ATLAS
allow particles to be detected by LHS
CMS
tracks key position
momentum of particle calculated
ATLAS
detects interaction of particles with material
at certain points
momentum of particle calculated
Higgs Boson decay
subatomic particle decays
1 photon
2 Lepton
check accuracy of Standard Model of Physics #
last hold-out particle hidden
proved
Higgs Boson particle existed
Space exploration
reproduce conditions
analysis of the byproducts of collision
evidence
structure of subatomic world
law of nature governing it
accelerate particles to high kinetic energies
impact other particles
further investigation into dark matter
billionith of a second after Big Bang
collide beams of high energy protons/ions
colossal speeds
validates Standard Model
mechanism of mass generation
explain
how basic building blocks of matter interact
Fundamental Particles
basic building blocks
Quarks and Leptons
each consist of 6 particles
generations
increases unstableness
explains 3/4 forces
explains
strong force
very short range
subatomic level
strongest
electromagnetic force
stronger than gravity
infinite range
weak force
very short range
subatomic level
does not explain
gravitational force
weakest
infinite range
new particle announced
mass 125-127 GeV/c^2
suspected Higgs Boson
behave, interact, decay similar
why some particles have mass
How do subatomic particles gain mass?
Peter Higgs suggested LHC
close ties between weak + electromagnetic force
scientist had no way to determine Higgs field
technology needed
LHC
no Higgs Boson
no world
as particles not able to stick together
particles float aimlessly