**C4 ATOMS COMBINING MINDMAP

Ionic Bonding

Metallic Bonding

Ionic Bonding: Bond between metal and non-metal ions with strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions. Example of an ionic bond: Ionic Bonding in Sodium Chloride ( NaCl )

Properties

Lattice structure of positive metal ion with the sea of delocalised electrons Metallic bonding

Covalent

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An atom is the smallest unit of ordinary matter that forms a chemical element.

Deduce the formula for compound

Atoms, compounds, ions, mixture

Ion: atom that has charge

Compound: 2 or more atom that are chemically bonded

Element: made up of the same type of atoms

Between non-metal and non-metal atom by sharing electrons

Covalent Bonding

A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.

Ionic compound formula: the positive ions and negative ions joined together with opposite charges, overall net charge is zero. Eg: Magnesium ion, Mg2+ and Chloride ion Cl- forming an ionic compound with the formula MgCl2

Criss-cross method: ONLY applicable for ionic compound because it has charges

Predict the charge on the ion using the Group number. Eg: Group I - charge 1+, Group II - charge 2+, etc

These are the macromolecule structure with covalent bonding

Covalent compound formula: the formula is determined using the atoms that joining together through sharing electrons that make the full valency of electrons. Eg: CO2, H2, Cl2, CH4

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The formula for polyatomic ions (compounds ions)


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Structural Formula
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Using the DOT and CROSS to represent the electrons, the bracket is added and the charge is written at the upper top right hand side

Giant Covalent Structure (Macromolecule)

Giant Covalent Structure

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Diamond

Silicone (iV) dioxide

Force that holds atoms together in metallic substance.The atoms that electrons leave behind becomes positive ions and the interaction between such ions and valence elections gives to the cohesive or binding force that holds metallic crystal together

metal atom loses electron to form metal ion: X - e ---> X1+. [X ---> X1+ + e]