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Disorders of Equine Esophagus and Tum-Tum - Coggle Diagram
Disorders of Equine Esophagus and Tum-Tum
esophageal obstruction
review
physiology of esophagus
muscular tube
left side of neck
dorsal to trachea
about 4ft!
cranial 2/3
straiated mm
distal 1/3
smooth mm
swallowing
oral stage is voluntary
esophageal stage is involuntary
physiology of the stomach
non-glandular/squamous
lined by stratified squamous epithelium
not normally exposed to acid
glandular
lined by glandular mucosa
parietal cells
secrete HCl
constantly exposed to acid
margo plicatus
jxn b/w the glandular and non-glandular
intrinsic factors
protective
mucin-bocaronate layer
mucosal blood flow
mucosal PGE2
roughage mat buffer
epidermal growth factor
gastric outflow
injurious
HCL
pepsin
bile salts
VFAs
gastric ulcers/equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS)
highest #s in
young performance horses
and
training race horses
very prevalent
causes
stress
exercise
diet
types
ESGD "squamous"
primary or secondary
nonglandular stomach or esophagus
up to 100% prevalence in performance horses
risk factors
high intensity and long duration exercise
fasting or increased time b/w forage
increased starch intake
poor access to water
stress
NSAIDs
EGGD "glandular"
pathology of glandular mucosa
mechanism poorly understood
NSAID's
stress
may include...
pylorus
proximal duodenum
disbalance in inciting and protective factors
CS
poor appetitie
picky/fussy eating
poor body condition
weight loss
colic
diarrhea
cribbing
poor performance
+/- bruxism
severity of signs does not correlate to severity of ulcers
diagnosis
no biochem markers
gastroscopy
grading 0-4 for non-glandular only
treatment
acid suppression
H+ pump inhibitors
irreversible impair NaK-ATPase pump
omeprazole gold standard
Hz receptor antagonists
competitive blocking on parietal cells
efficacy depends on maintaining [plasma]
ranitidine
misoprostol
sucralfate
prevention
good dietary management
alfafa
reduce starch
continuous grazing
water ad lib
minimize stress
preventative omeprazole
training
travel
competition
in foals
squamous ulcers most common
sick neonates suffer from unique glandular ulcer
gastric dilation
gastric impaction
gastric parasites