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Rumen Tympany, or "Bloat" - Coggle Diagram
Rumen Tympany, or "Bloat"
definition
distention of rumen with excessive gas
can be fatal
presentation
free gas
eructation failure
small bubbles trapped in foam
affects all ruminants
CS
left-sided
becomes more generalized as it worsens
initially most pronounced over the left dorsal paralumbar fosa
abdo pain
dyspnea
extending head/neck
drooling
increasing severity
impaired cardio fxn
poor venous return
asphyxiation
recumbency
necropsy
"bloat line" in esophagus
free gas bloat
interference of eructation of dorsal gas cap
physical obstruction
reticuloruminal motor dysfxn
treatment
rumenostomy
emergency trocharization
can admin anti-bloat agents to trochar
septic peritonitis risk
pass a large-bore stomach tube
ID underlying causes after relieving
indigestion or rumen acidosis?
esophageal obstruction or compression
mass at cardia
disease of rumen wall?
mycotic rumenitis
chronic subacute acidosis
weakness of rumen wall?
hypocalemia
neurological dysfxn?
hardware
vagal indigestion
primary brain disease
frothy bloat
caused by feeds triggering stable froth formation
gas trapped in froth
presentations
feedlot form
high-grain diet
multifactorial pathogenesis
formation of mucoprotein slime
feed types
high [ration]
alfalfa
finely-ground rain
low fiber intake
slime-producing bacteria proliferation
pasture form
lush legume pasture
alfalfa
clover
death can occur in hours
affects multiple animals
treatment
cannot be decompressed with a tube
administer anti-foaming agents
poloxalene (therabloat)
DSS
mineral/vegetable oil
rumenotomy in severe cases
prevention
introduce rich pasture gradually
in feedlots
increase roughage
avoid ground grains
monensin
+/- daily admin of anti-foam agents?