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community ecology - Coggle Diagram
community ecology
predator-prey interactions
simple system
one predator
herbivore
primary consumer
one prey
plant
primary producer
carrying capacity
relationships
functional response
prey-dependent
zero growth isocline
paradox of enrichment
eutrophication
maximum sustained yield
fixed effort harvesting
fixed quota harvesting
predator selection
optimal foraging theory
optimal diet model
competition
intraspecies
one species
interspecies
several species
exploitation competition
interference competition
invasive
apparent competition
not actually competing
diversity
checklist
species richness
species present
scale
common observations
large scale
more diverse
larger population
small scale
less diverse
smaller populations
species-area relationship
S=cA^z
A
area
c and z
constants
S
number of species
Robert Wittaker
Alpha diversity
local, small site
beta diversity
small compared large
gamma diversity
species in region
species abundance distribution
latitude
north
less species
equator
more species
relatively beign environments
beneficial species interactions
mutualism
#
both species benefit
incur a cost
evolved from predation
facilitation
one specie benefits
one species unharmed
nurse plants
primary succession
newly established organisms
one facilitates another
mathematical models
Lotka-Volterra model
interconnectedness of species
food webs
energy flow web
#
very incomplete
keystone species
balances community
simplest communities
tropic levels
primary producers
primary consumers
herbivores
secondary consumers
carnivores
plants
patchy environment metapopulations
metapopulation
migration
gene flow
several local populations
common model
many discrete patches
some obtain species
some do not
migration in patches
an extinct probability
fugitive species
quality of patch
low
sink habitat
high
source habitat
#
colonization of patches
by migration
assisted dispersal
concepts
community
group of species
boundaries in time
changes
succession
predictable sequences
remain the same
climax community
ecology
restoration
return of species
habitat changes
habitat fragmentation
habitat loss
