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Horsetail Plant (Equisetum arvense) - Coggle Diagram
Horsetail Plant (Equisetum arvense)
Equisetum arvense: New Evidences Supports Medical
http://www.phcogrev.com/sites/default/files/PharmacognRev-13-26-50.pdf
Family
Equisetaceae
Genus
Equisetum L.
sub genus
Equisetum
Phylum
Sphenophyta
common horsetail
cavalinha
single extant gene from class equisetopsida
the oldest extant genus on earth
more that 30 species
found in northern hemisphere
for medicinal purposes
based on folk medicine
used as treatments like tuberculosis, kidney and urine inflammation infection
as a homeostatic for profuse menstruation,
to treat nose bleeding, lungs, gastric bleeding
for swelling, inflammation and remineralization
base on Traditional medicine
treating prostrate inflammation and hypertrophy
treating cystitis
on preclinical studies
EMA committee helps to lend to use EA by oral route to promote kidney excretory function
the treatment of post-traumatic and stasis
edema, irrigation therapy in bacterial and low urinary tract inflammatory diseases and kidney and bladder stones
recommended does is 220 mg to 225 mg 3-4 times a day. And the maximum dose would be 900 mg per day
in a form of powder and tea 3g to 6g, 2-3 times daily intake can treat post traumatic or swelling stasis and kidney stones.
heal wounds
EA was also approved for topical use as a decoction
(50 g/L) in compresses or baths or as a liquid extract at a dose of 50 drops
diluted in water as an adjuvant for treating hard-to-heal wounds.[
based on clinical studies
three studies were done with the commercial preparation containing Chimaphila umbellata, Populus tremula, Pulsatilla
pratensis and EA extracts and wheat germ oil for treating Benign Prostrate Hyperplasia (BPH).
clinical trial was assessed the efficacy of the EA with Boswellia serrata, allium sativum, apium graveolens to treat chronic musculoskeletal pain.
topical EA ointment was tested to heal wounds and the reduction of inflammation and pain relief after episiotomies in mothers.
Stems
sporiferous (fertile)
simple, reddish blue loose brown sheaths
has oblong spike, disappears in summer
reproductive structure known as strobilus where spore production occurs is located on the terminal end.
sterile
green, furrowed and hollow
thin branches arranged in pairs
has four angles rough and articulate
composed of cortex, parenchyma, stomata and silica granules
shoots are used for medicinal purposes which is desiccated with sterile stems
Equisetum arvense L. Extract Induces Antibacterial Activity and Modulates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Endothelial Vascular Cells Exposed to Hyperosmotic Stress
http://www.phcogrev.com/sites/default/files/PharmacognRev-13-26-50.pdf
phytochemical compounds
alkaloids
phytosterols
phenolic acids
tannins
flavonoids
triterpenoids
antibacterial effect on gram positive bacterias, gram negative and candida albicans
methods
disc diffusion method
For staphylococci, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, Mueller-Hinton Agar (Oxoid) was used and for streptococcal strains
minimum inhibitory concentration
lowest concentration of the drug that inhibits the growth of an organism
results
has antibacterial effects on gram positive streptococcus pneumaniae, and clinical isolate of streptococcus pyogens.
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no effect on candida albicans
Phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of
Equisetum arvense L.
https://academicjournals.org/journal/JMPR/article-full-text-pdf/87BF39D21968?__cf_chl_jschl_tk__=31cee2453d0da0edbdba66ee694996a16b4ee820-1614296711-0-AUnhPFxDNptNG8pFSHcnDqka-uOUuVmYEqGSERVPAjlaxPJ84rF12VgZQGGLv8gTw6tC_KOCeYxfB1zHV9g2LQa_er-W4nvBc_eJsb4yXiqxfjC7Vy_CKro1ZfjpTecPY8hbivxbGkxs3xHoPVWeGL35Vup5jQzeP2whrk8iaHByOVwGLIH0W1gzdQyoyhKuzI29Q16SfdxAVCRg7t67XiP3pD6g6VuTc73Y3ni78I8xhpDzC2j0AXia_w2MsAlLj6tcF8YrA1QPXxymUJlBGVwfEIrDgeFI4D7qNJps1sHoU0bZwtd39DmF0VsWJLRDyP2d3KkYcW0OLrgn37_C76VVFM2fqTWcDVb4E45loyRr8XRfNHMi1PPP7BvvsmZxhQ
E. arvense has recently been shown to have antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant,
analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antitumor, cytotoxic and anticonvulsant activities
used as folk medicine
brittle nails
for loss of hair
for rheumatic diseases
effects
silicons produces digestive problems
prolonged use leads to pre mature child birth, disorders
loss of apetite
Equisetum arvense L. contains anticonvulsant, antifungal, anti bacterial prperties, anti haemorrhagy, vasorelaxant, hepatoprotective, anti viral,
objective to illustrate EA as a potential therapeutic agent.
E. arvense stems evaluated by electron spin resonance (ESR), spectroscopy spin trapping method and lipid perooxidation assay.
lipids peroxyl radicals
anti cancer properties
extract from sterile stems shows cytotoxic effects on human lukemia
adoptosis
DNA fragmentation, externalization
Randomized, Double Blind clinical trail to access the diuretic effect of Equisetum arvense (Field Horsetail) in healthy volunteeers
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3960516/pdf/ECAM2014-760683.pdf
EA for treatment of edema,
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inflammatory disease in the urinary tract
clinical studies shows that Equisetum arvense has effect on renal function
methods
dry extract of arial parts of Equisetum arvense
formulated by Farmacia Artesanal
36 volunteers were selected and given dose for 3 weeks
laboratory examinations
blood and urine sample collected from clinical research unit ICF
analysis of the dry extract
this test was performed using Thin Layer Chromatography
results
did not exert significant effects on urinary excretion of electrolytes and catabolites
no alternation is observed in the live or kidney
symptoms were found during this analysis
volunteers experienced an stong headache during the first stage of Equisetum arvense treatment.
The pharmacology of Equisetum arvense- A review
http://www.iosrphr.org/papers/v7i2V1/D0702013142.pdf
antioxident effect
anti cancer effect
studied using sulforhodamine B colorimetric on human cancer cells
antimicrobial effect
aerial parts showed antibacterial activity against E.coli
effect on smooth muscle
on central nervous system
dermatological effects
anti inflammatory effects
effects on bones
hydromethanolic extract of Equisetum arvense on human bone marrow cells
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promoted osteoblastic response preventing the infection
effect on RBC membrane stability
membrane stabilizing activity was decreased
New insight into silica deposition in horsetail (Equisetum arvense)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3160890/
silica were observed from rhizomes
biosilification in horsetail plant
PDMPO as fluoroscent maker of biosilification
PDMPO as a fluorescent indicator of silica formation
absence of callose showed no green fluorescence
new insight into silification
dried horsetails digested
methods
digestion of horsetail materials
hydroponic culture of horsetail
PDMPO labeling of horsetail silica
in vitro preparations of callose and silica acid.
Calculating the Silicon in Horsetail (Equisetum arvense L.) during the Vegetation Season
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272652370_Calculating_the_Silicon_in_Horsetail_Equisetum_arvense_L_during_the_Vegetation_Season
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rich in mineral silicon 10%
promotes growth and stability of skeletal structure
increases resistance against mold
methods
analytical methods and equiplemts
sample preparation by microwave mineralization
plant description and locality
young plants absorbed lower silicons than that of adult plants.
EQUISETUM ARVENSE: PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYTOCHEMISTRY - A REVIEW
https://innovareacademics.in/journal/ajpcr/Vol3Issue3/3.pdf
30 species
classification
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kingdom
Plantae – Plants
subkingdom
Tracheophyta
superdivision
pteridophytes
division
Equisetophyta
class
Sphenopsida
subclass
Equisetidae
order
Equisetales
family
Equisetaceae
genus
equisetum L.
species
arvense L.
leaves
reduced to small scales
fused into sheaths
spore clusters
long stalked blunt tipped cones
used as pain relieving agent
for cosmetics
prevents grey hair and maintains hair tone
anti dandruff agent
for skin cosmetics it acts as anti aging agent
inhibitory effects on HIV-1 induced cytopathy
silica helps in bones fractures and sprains
for cardiovascular diseases
for diabetes
Horsetail (Equisetum Arvense) as a Functional Filler
for Natural Rubber Biocomposites
https://0-www-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.library.ecok.edu/pmc/articles/PMC7321494/pdf/materials-13-02526.pdf
to characterized produced biocomposites
methods
polymers mixtures cures at 160 degrees
specimens formed using steel molds
rubber mixture were cured using conventional curing system
UV aging process was stimulated
ATR spectrum was performed
stretching of OH bonds
characterize field horsetail as a new filler
clear peak absorption of UV range was recorded.
Ground horsetail used as a filler for natural rubber
Equisetum arvense (common horsetail) modulates the function of inflammatory immunocompetent cells
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4132922/pdf/12906_2014_Article_1864.pdf
phytochemical analysis of equisetum arvense extract
Equisetum decreased the proliferation of mitogen activated human lymphocytes
influences cell proliferation capacity through partial inhibition of lymphocyte activation and IL-2 biology
affects effector function of active human lymphocyte
to clarify if Equisetum is really effective for inflammatory disorders
Possible Drug herb interaction between herbal supplement containing horsetail (Equisetum arvense) and anti retroviral drugs: report of 2 cases
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2325957416680295
negative interaction between consumption of herbal supplement containing horsetail and antiretro viral occured in patients
two cases were studied
this paper describes about the interaction between herbal supplement containing horsetail and antiretro viral drugs in patients with diseases.
Identification of common horsetail (Equisetum arvense) using thin layer chromatography versus DNA barcoding
https://www.nature.com/articles/srep11942.pdf
phylogeny of equisetum
distinguish between E. arvense and E. palustre
DNA barcoding
DNA sequencing
distinguish between E. arvense and E. palustre
EA are variable and are hard to identify
plant material
Renoprotective and Blood Pressure lowering impact of Equisetum arvense and viscum album therapy in experimental model of chronic kidney disease
https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation.aspx?paperid=89358
to investigate the renal morphology and functioning after 12 weeks treatment of Equisetum arvense and Viscum album
lower blood pressure in herbal therapy group
urinary albumin excretion was reduced
Horsetail plant developed successful set of tools for extreme environments- for millions of years
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/05/110504183413.htm
in this article it mentions about the types of Equisetum and their role in the environment.
Equisetum-like horsetails have a history extending back to the Late Jurassic," said Channing
Total Phenolic content, antioxidant and anti microbial activity of Equisetum arvense L.
http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1451-9372/2013/1451-93721200040K.pdf
herbal material extraction was used
determination of total phenolic content
determination of antioxidant activity
determining antimicrobial activity
phenol is a compound of horsetail plant
the phenolic content in horsetail was high
ethanol extract of E.arvense has a stronger inhibitory effect
