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Evolution of Sign Language in America, Early sign imported from France via…
Evolution of Sign Language in America
Before Stokoe, Sign language is not understood to have grammatical/linguistic principles of its own)
Mid-20th Century proliferation of artificial sign systems
1880 Ban by Milan Conference hurts evolution of American Sign Dialect
Single dialect for American Sign recognizable by 1834
Pidgin Sign English (James Woodward, 1972)
Siglish (Louie Fant, 1972)
Ameslan (Louie Fant, 1972)
Ameslish (Bernard Bragg, 1973)
Signed English (Terry O'Rourke, 1970)
Signing Exact English (SEE II)
Using traditional ASL signs, uses created signs for pronouns and affixes
Dr. Gerilee Gustason
Linguistics of Visual English (LOVE)
One sign per printed word, new signs for plurals and nouns
Dennis Wampler
Seeing Essential English (SEE I)
One sign per word, meaning changes with context
David Anthony
Pidgin Signed English (PSE)
ASL in English word order, signs for articles and word endings (ing, ness, ly) are not used
James Woodward
Combined Method
Combination of oral and manual approaches to sign language learning
Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet
Signed English (SE)
One-Sign principle (still used in some parts of USA)
Harry Bornstein
Rochester Method
Fingerspell everything on level with lips
Dr. Zenas Westervelt
Many changes are made with one or more parameters
Some changes are subtle
Signs have moved to upper chest and neck region
Changes have been rapid so there is a gap between generations of signers and the signs they use
Many signs originally made at waist level and lower chest
Regional differences in signs (birthday, terrific, halloween, etc.)
Early sign imported from France via Clerc and Gallaudet
New Sign Systems
"Not really sign" sign Languages
Evolution of Sign Language over time