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Pharmacology, Routes- Inhalation - Coggle Diagram
Pharmacology
Activated Charcoal (actidose with sorbitol)
Action-Adsorbs toxic substances in the digestive tract.
Indicacations- Most oral poisonings overdose
Contraindications- Decreased level of consciousness; overdose of corrosives, caustics, or petroleum substances
Routes-PO
Side Effects- Nausea, vomiting, constipation, black stools
Interactions-Bonds with and inactive most medications/ substances in the digestive tract
Adult Dose- 1-2g/kg
Administration Concerns-stains (protect patient and provider clothing); do not give when giving other PO medication.
Aspirin (Bayer)
Action-Anti-inflammatory agent and anti-fever agent; prevents platelets from clumping, thereby decreasing formation of new clots.
Indications- Relief of mild pain, headache, muscle aches; chest pain of cardiac origin.
Contraindications-Hypersentivity, recent bleeding
Routes- PO
Side effects- Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain,bleeding, allergic reactions
Adult Dose- 160 to 325mg; t60- 325mg chewable tablets for chest pain
Administration Concerns- Do not administer for pain caused by trauma or fevers in children; patients with chest pain must be able to chew tablets.
Common fast-acting MDI medications (albuterol[Proventil], Ventolin
Action- Stimulates nervous system, causing brochodilation
Indications- Asthma/ difficulty breathing with wheezing
Contraindications- Hypersensivity; tachycardia(relative) chest pain of cardiac origin.
Sifde effects- Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlessness
Interactions- Increases effects of other nervous system stimulants.
Adult Dose- 1-2 inhalations; wait 5 mins. before repeating dose
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Epinephrine (EpiPen)
Action-Stimulates nervous system, causing brochodilation
Indications- Anaphylactic reaction
Contraindications- chest pain of cardiac origin; hypothermia; hypertension
Routes- IM
Side Effects- Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlessness
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Naloxone (Narcan, EVZIO autoinjector)
Action- Reverses respiratory depression secondary to opioid overdose.
Indications- Opioid posoning
Contraindications-Hypersensitivity
Routes- IM,IN
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Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitromist)
Action- Dilates blood vessels
Indications- Chest pain of cardiac origin
Contraindications- Hypotension; use of sildenafil (Viagra) or another treatment for erectile dysfunction within the previous 24hrs; head injury
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Oral glucose (Glutose)
Action- When absorbed, provides glucose for cell use.
Indications- Low blood glucose (hypoglycemia)
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Oxygen (no trade name)
Action- Reverses hypoxia; provides oxygen to be absorbed by lungs
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Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
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The six rights of medications
Right patient
Right medication
Right Dose
Right route
Right Time
Right Documentation
Routes- Inhalation