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Principles of Language Assessment image - Coggle Diagram
Principles of Language Assessment
Reliability
Student related reliability
Most common learner-related issue
temporary illness, fatigue, a "bad day", anxiety, physical or psychological factors
Rater reliability
Like human error, subjectivity, and blas may enter into the scoring process. Inter-rater reliability occurs when two or more scorers yield inconsistent scores of the same test
Test administration reliability
Conditions in which the test is administered
outside noise, photocopying, variations in room temperature, amount of light in different parts of the room and conditions in desks and chairs
Test reaiability
Sometimes the nature of the test itself can cause measurement errors.
if a test is too long, time test
if a test is consistent and dependable
Practicality
is not excessively expensive
is relatively easy to administer
has a scoring/evaluation procedure that is specific and time-efficient
stays within appropriate time constraints
Validity
Criterion-related evidence
Concurrent vaidity
the extent to which the "criterion" of the test has actually been reached
Predicitive validity
Construct-related evidence
Content-related evidence (content validity)
Direct and indirect testing
indirect test, learners are not performing the task itself but rather a task that is related in some way
direct testing involves the test-takers in actually performing the target task
if you can clearly define the achievement that you are measuring
The extent to which inferences made from assessment results are appropriate, meaningful, and useful in terms of the purpose of the assessment
Face Validity
will likely be high if learners encounter
directions that are crystal clear
taks that related to their course work
items that are clear and uncomplicated
a test that is clearly doable within the allotted time limit
a difficulty level that presents a reasonable challenge
a well constructed, expected format with familiar tasks
the psychological state of earner (confidence, anxiety) is an important ingredient in peak performance by a learner
Consequential Validity
Washback
the effects the test have on instructions in terms for the test
accompasses all the consequences of a test, its accuracy, its impact and the (intended and unintended) social consequences of a test's interpretation and use
Authenticity
the task is likely to be enacted in the "real word"
