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Kidneys - Coggle Diagram

- - - - both afferent & efferent arterioles
        constrict to same degree
        - GFR decreases
    - - constricts afferent arterioles more
        - GFR drops
  - - - occurs when stretching triggers contraction
        of smooth muscle cells in afferent arterioles
        - reduces GFR
    - - macula densa provides feedback to
        glomerulus, inhibits release of NO causing
        afferent arterioles to constrict and
        - decreasing GFR
- - - - promotes release of
        Aldosterone (steroid hormone)
        which stimulates reabsorption
        of sodium from DCT & CD
        
        REDUCES URINE VOLUME
        
        expansion of ECF
        & increased BP
        
        stimulates arteriolar vasoconstriction
        
        promotes ADH release
        
        promotes drinking
    - - release is activated by
        
        Reduced plasma sodium conc
        or reduced eGFR
        
        Stimulation fo renal sympathetic nerve
        
        Decrease in afferent arteriolar pressure
  - - - aka vasopressin -
        causes rise in arterial pressure
      - Increased permeability of
        CD & DCT
        
        promotes reabsorption of water-
        expanding ECF & reducing
        osmolality of ECF.
    - - decreasing circulating BV
        detected by CV volume receptors
      - decreasing arterial BP
        detected by CV baroreceptors
      - increased osmolarity in ECF
        detected by osmoreceptor
  - - - leads to increased
        natriuresis & diuresis
        
        reduction in
        EC & fluid volume
- - - - eliminates more CO2
        causing blood pH to rise
    - - causing build up of CO2
        thus fall in blood pH
  - - - sodium bicarb
        filtered by glomerulus & then
        reabsorbed by PCT
        
        sodium is absorbed by
        sodium/hydrogen ion pump
        exchanging sodium ions
        for hydrogen ions
        
        Sodium/potassium pump
        forces sodium from tubular fluid
        into cell in exchange for potassium
  - - - to counteract acidosis
        
        more bicarb ions generated
        & the resulting secreted
        hydrogen & ammonia ions excreted (urine)
      - to counteract alkalosis
        
        bicarb ions secreted into
        filtrate & H+ are reabsorbed
- - - - Produce renin
        acts on a protein (angiotensinogen - synthesised
        by hepatocytes), resulting in the release of angiotensin I.
- - - - The JGA decrease
        secretion of NO
        
        Afferent arteriole constricts
        which decreases blood flow
        in the glomerulus
- - - - Stimulates osmoreceptors -
        nerve impulse from hypothalamus
        stimulates posterior pituitary
        
        to produce ADH
        
        so water is reabsorbed
        in the collecting duct