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Dermatophytosis - Coggle Diagram
Dermatophytosis
general
species
Microsporum canis
most common in SA
can also affect LA species
M. gypseum
M. persicolor
from rodents
Triphyton mentagrophytes
LA species
more severe inflammation association
superficial surface fungus
only invade keratinized structures of skin
hair
outermost skin layer
nails (rare)
self-limiting
but takes months to resolve
zoonotic and contagious
overdiagnosed
more common in warm and tropical areas
ddx
demodex
superficial pyoderma
cell-mediated immunity
transmission
direct contact
show travel
fomites
brushed
combes
cages
zoonoses
animal --> man common
man --> animal uncommon
possible ectovectors such as fleas
spores can live in environment for months
diagnosis
history + CS
wood's lamp
not reliable
false negatives
direct exam
collect broken hairs surrounding lesion
hair appears thickened and tortuous
negative test doesn't rule it out
fungal culture
toothbrush technique
growth
AND
color change required w/n
7d
watch for color change first
must look at microscopic characteristics
PCR
do not use for response to therapy
sensitive and accurate
treatment
lime sulfur dip 1-2x week
antifungal shampoo
systemic
:forbidden::cat:
grisefulvin
ketoconazole
itroconazole
terbinafine
lufenuron
how long?
until at least 1 negative culture at 2 week intervals
keep in mind it takes 3 weeks
typically 7-8w
environemtnal
vacuum thoroughly weekly
dilute bleach
enilconazole
CS
predisposing factors
poor housing
younger or older animals
immunosuppression
yorkies and persian cats
history
pruritus is atypical
possible other animals/people in home affected
travel for breeding or shows
adopted/purchased from cattery
dog :dog:
circular alopecia/hypotrichosis
broken hairs
scaling
alopecia
possible inflammation (species specific)
ruptured hair follicles (kerion)
can become generalized
cat :cat:
alopecia patches
crusting
scaling
localized around ears and paws
may be asymptomatic
miliary dermatitis
persian
pseudomycetoma
+/- pruritus
pathogenesis
skin microtrauma is an important factor
only grows in anagen (growing) hairs
minimal inflammation
incubation 4 - 40d
