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1.7-Systems Software - Coggle Diagram
1.7-Systems Software
Operating Systems
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Memory Management
Data used to run a program is copied into main memory & OS keeps a record of its location (along with all other data) so it's easier to retrieve
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Once main memory is full, the OS uses virtual memory
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User management
The OS organizes user logins, passwords and access rights
Access Rights- if a computer is used by multiple people, each users' access to files and apps can be restricted
File Management
The OS manages where files are written on a disk, keeps track of where files are so they can be retrieved and makes sure no files are overwritten
Some operating systems present a logical structure of files into folders and allow users to rename, delete, copy and move them
General
Operating systems manage memory, files, multitasking, user access rights, peripherals and user interface provision
OS examples include: iOS, Linux, Android OS, MAC OS X
Multitasking
There are many background processes running on a computer at once which take turns receiving processer time in order to execute instructions
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Utility System Software
Encryption Software
Encryption utilities are used to transform text so it can't be read without knowing how to decode it
Files which are encrypted include those on portable devices, web communication and data on an organization's database
Defragmentation
When a large file is stored on a disk, it may not fit in consecutive memory locations so it must be split into 'fragments'
When a fragmented file needs to be retrieved, it takes much longer as each individual fragment needs to be found
Defragmentation is a process in which files are reorganized so fragments of files are stored in consecutive memory locations and all free space is together so any files that are saved on the disk don't need to be defragmented
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Data Compression
Compression reduces the size of a file so that it takes up less disk space & is quicker to download over the internet
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Compressing files reduces bandwidth and data consumption when downloading & sending files and increases the amount of data that can be stored in a specific amount of space
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