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Historical Influence, Advocating for Policy - Coggle Diagram
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Advocating for Policy
Motive of Policy is vital to understand the functioning of policy and how they are implemented as well as enforced (Uncertain Hour Podcast, Ch.3)
Sociocultural factors such as shared history and context greatly influence policy and the policy-making process, and provide insight into how policies and practices disproportionately impact vulnerable populations (Ch.2, Podcast 1619)
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Latent Goal is a goal that is implicitly stated and can reflect the true intention of the policy maker (who is this supposed to actually benefit?) (Ch.5)
Politics plays a major role in the policy development and assessment process and its implementation, and is largely reflective of historical context (Rocha Ch.8, Ch.2)
Stigma associated with government assistance is also a factor in receiving assistance from the government, and can vary with history. For example, during a period like the Great Depression, receiving federal assistance was less stigmatized and more widely accepted (Ch. 2)
Politics can also determine funding or withdrawal of funding for certain programs , and is key element of policy development and a result of numerous sociocultural factors and priorities (Ch. 5)
Welfare is one of the most controversial and highly debated sets of policies, with diverse historical and cultural factors that affect its creation and implementation. Its impact especially on minority groups is far-reaching and tangible and its reform is divisive (Uncertain Hour Podcast, Ch. 3)
TANF or Temporary Assistance to Needy Families has four major guidelines for states when it comes to allocation of funds: 1. Cash Assistance to needy families
- Promote Work Preparation
- Preventing and reducing out of wedlock pregnancy
- Promote two-parent families
This brings up many questions about the effectiveness of policy, especially when it comes to long-term impact, as well as politics and motive.
Welfare Reform is hotly debated, and has taken many forms over the years. First with AFDC (Aid to Families with Dependent Children) in the New Deal, then work-based welfare that reduced federal spending in the Clinton Administration, the face of welfare has deep social implications and forms (Ch.3)
Barriers that contribute to oppression or even reaping the benefits of policy are a result of historical context as well as policy creation itself, and can affect various groups to varying extents; especially important to assess in policy evaluation (Ch. 3)
Advocating on behalf of oppressed populations. is a theme that frequently appears due to the social worker's responsibility to social justice (Ch.1, Rocha Ch.8)
Strengths based assessment is important in identifying effective and needed policy practices that help rather than harm certain populations and help meet client goals rather than possibly erroneous perceived needs (Ch. 5 and 6)
Policy Development is a complex process and involves claims-making and various political and social factors (Ch. 6)
Claims-making identifies the needs of a client base or population and asserts client needs align with proposed policy, while recognizing strengths at the same time (Ch. 5
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Policy analysis and evaluation is vital in revising and appealing oppressive policies and practices and can be helpful in correcting for historical wrongs. Evaluation should be an ongoing process that seeks to address client needs (Ch.6)
Strengths-based perspective is a core value of social work wherein the strengths of individuals within oppressed groups are recognized and praised, and planned change draws on these strengths. This is in opposition to a deficiency-based approach wherein these populations are seen as only needy or in need of a "savior." (Ch.1)
Ecological perspective recognizes individuals as products of their environment. People exist in different niches that may help or harm them (entrapping niches v. enabling niches). (Ch. 6)
Civil rights broadly refers to the struggles of various groups in their mission to secure equal rights and fair treatment, and is often accompanied with policy that secures legal rights or accommodations (Ch.3)
Oppressive policy like historical laws such as Jim Crowe laws that promote discrimination and segregation, but also more modern policies such as state-based family caps that limit welfare benefits to mothers seek to perpetuate oppressive power structures. (Ch. 7)
Restorative legislation such as the Americans with Disabilities Act or Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act seek to provide further rights for future members of oppressed populations and correct oppressive policy (Ch.7)
Intersectionality is vital in recognizing the overlap and cumulative effect of various systems of oppression and their impact on the individual, as well as the unique strengths and experience of certain members of a population. It's essential to recognize for equitable policy development (Ch.7)