Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Pre Anglo-Saxons, MIDDLE ENGLISH PERIOD (1066-1485), THE ADVENT OF…

- - - - THE ANGLO-SAXONS
        
        Burned, pillaged and enslaved the Celts
        
        Agriculture
        
        Pagans: Odin, Thor, Wyrd, Loki (Deities: forces of nature or personifications of the supernatural)
        
        Used to hardships: war, climate, wintry seas.
        
        HEPTARCHY: Confederation of 7 Kingdoms
        (5th-7th centuries AD):
        +Kent (SE)/Sussex (S)/Wessex (W)
        +Essex (E)/Northumbria (N)
        +East Anglia (E)/Mecia (Central England)
        
        Converted to Christianity by Celtic missionaries from Ireland and Scotland. (7th-9th centuries CE)
        
        Civilisation: Wandering, sea-faring tribes. Sea-roving spirit.
        
        Monasteries: centres of civilisation (illuminated manuscripts)
        
        Barbaric, adventurous, fearless, ruthless
        
        Mead Hall: where the gleeman/scops would recite their tales
        
        ST AUGUSTINE: sent from Rome by Pope gregory the Great to christianise England (597 AD)
        
        Cult to the individual warrior leader.
        
        THE CHRISTIAN PERIOD IN ANGLO-SAXON LITERATURE
        
        KING ALFRED THE GREAT OF WESSEX
        
        1014 CE = Total conquest
        
        But ceded northern and central portions of England. The DANELAW.
        
        He himself translated and adapted works from latin
        
        Started THE ANGLO-SAXON CHRONICLE, 1st historical record in english.
        
        Encouraged education (patron of scholars).
        Promoted the use of written Old English.
        
        Repelled invasion and unified the kingdoms (850 CE)
        
        The Alfred Jewel: a masterpiece of goldsmith's work. It was apparently used as a pointer to aid the reading of Bibles and other religious texts.
        
        Cristian period: End of 6th Century.
        600 CE: missionaries from the South (Rome - Pope Gregory, 597 CE) and from the North (Island of Iona, Ireland & Scotland)
        
        Migration and contact with population of another race
        
        Christianity brought new words to the language and richer culture
        
        POEMS: began with translations from the Latin of philosophy, history, religion, etc.
        
        BEDE: Benedictine monk.
        1st English historian Ecclesiastical History Of the English people, translated into English by Alfred, (important work).
        He led Northumbria to its period of literary supremacy.
        
        PROSE: paraphrase of the Bible (catechism, lives of the Saints, sermons). Utilitarian purpose. The AS wrote prose rather than poetry.
        
        Raids began in Roman times
      - The Norman invasion (1066): End of the old english period and the beginning of Middle english period.
      - 7th Century: after conversion to Christianity, some Old english poems were written down by monks: Beowulf, The Seafarer, etc.
        These poems have enabled us to learn about the AS lifetsyle.
      - Germanic/Scandinavian vocabulary
      - Old English was a heavily inflected language. Words change form to indicate person, number, tense.
      - Spoken in dialects
      - The AS overrun England
- - - - the intermarriage of the Norman to English women
      - English people gave support to their Norman rulers.