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Patterns for College Writing Chapter 11 - Coggle Diagram
Patterns for College Writing Chapter 11
What is Comparison and Contrast
comparison shows how two or more things are similar
contrast shows how they are different
comparison and contrast are usually used together
analogy is a a special form of comparison
it explains an idea by comparing it to a more familiar thing
Using Comparison and Contrast
we apply comparison and contrast everyday to matters that directly effect us
when we make personal decisions, we consider alternatives by asking which option seems better
Planning a Comparison-and-Contrast Essay
Recognizing Comparison-and-Contrast Assignments
decide what comparison and contrast suits you purpose
make evaluations
always be comparing, advantages, disadvantages, similarities, differences, etc
Establishing a Basis for Comparison
a basis for comparison is two things that have enough in common for a just comparison
comparisons should lead beyond the obvious
Selecting Points for Discussion
determine your emphasis on similarities and differences
you need to determine the focus of the essay
use at least similar points to use to discuss each subject
avoid discussing entirely different points for each subject
Developing a Thesis Statement
the thesis statement should tell readers what to expect in the essay
it should indicate whether you will concentrate on similarities differences or both
it may list the points of comparison and contrast in order in which they will be discussed in the essay
it indicates the emphasis of the essay
Structuring a Comparison-and-Contrast Essay
introduction
body paragraphs
conclusion
subject-by-subject
you essentially write a separate section about each subject, and you discuss the same points for both subjects.
use a basis for comparison to guide the selection of points, and arrange these points in a logical order
they are most appropriate for short uncomplicated essays
it is too costly to your reader to make it longer
Point-by-point
you make a point about one subject and then follow it with a comparable point about the other
this goes all throughout the essay
they are used for longer essays
using transitions
transitions send clear signals that identify individual similarities or differences
without these cues readers will have trouble following the essay
longer essays tend to use transition paragraphs
these can be a single sentence or a longer paragraph
Revising Comparison-and-Contrast Essay
checklist
does the assignment call for comparison and contrast.
What basis for comparison exists
Does the essay have a clear thesis statement
do discuss the same or similar points for both subjects
in a subject-by-subject essay is a transition paragraph included
in a point-by-point essay are appropriate transitions included
are indicational transition words and phrases included
Editing a Comparison-and-Contrast Essat
focus on
grammar
mechanics
punctuation
Parallelism
parallelism is the use of matching nouns, verbs, phrases, or clauses to express the same or similar ideas.
parallelism is usually used to emphasize similarities and differences
checklist
is parallel structure used with parallel elements in a series
are commas used to separate three or more parallel elements
is parallel structure used with paired items linked by correlative conjunctions
is parallel structure used with paired items linked by
as
or
than