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AESTHETICISM and DECADENCE - Coggle Diagram
AESTHETICISM and DECADENCE
Aethetic Movement
This movement began in
France
in the end of XIX century and lasted until the XX century (the "Bohémien"; "Scapigliatura" in Italy)
Reflected the sense of frustration of the artist. It was a lifestyle based on going
against every social construct
(against the strict rules; against the middle-class and materialism; against religion) and, also, against all previous movements
Unconventional life, pursuing sensation and excess and searching non-stop for freedom and beauty
Even though it was imported to England by James McNeill Whistler (american painter), there are many forerunner artists such as
John Keats (poet)
Dante Gabriel Rossetti→Totally dedicated to his art
John Ruskin→his work were the prototypes for Walter Pater's ones
Main theorist of the Aesthetic Movement in England
Walter Pater
Most famous works
Studies in the History of Renaissance
Both very succesful. Subversive and potentially demoralising message
Marius the Epicurean
Rejected religious faith. He thought that the task of the artist was to feel sensations, be attentive to the attractive, to the decorous and to the joyful. Latly, in his opinion, art has no links to life, to morality; it wans't meant to teach something but only to arouse emotions.
Deep influence on 1890s poets and writers, especially on Oscar Wilde and aslo a group of artists who contributed to write
The Yellow Book
the book reflected the "decandent" taste in its sensational subjects
Main features
Perversity in subject matter
Disenchantment with contemporary society
Hedonistic and sensuous attitude
Evocative use of language
Excessive attention to the self
The Decadent Movement
It is a European movement. The word "Decadent"= a process of decline of recognised values. The term was also used by the Aesthetic Movement
In the late 1880s a group of french symbolists writers contributed to the journal
Le Décadent
. They were: Rimbaud, Verlaine, Mallarmé, Laforgue. All influenced by Charled Beaudelaire; Huysman (the hero of his novel
À rebours
became the model for Wilde's dandy).
Most important representatives in Italy: Gabriele D'Annunzio; Giovanni Pascoli; Guido Gozzano
Most important german representative: Reiner Maria Rilke