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Evolutionary Trends - Coggle Diagram

- - - - femur, pelvis change, S-curved vertebrate, foramen magnum under skull, tripod foot
      - no bow legs
      - harder to give birth
      - energy efficient for long distance = slow jogger runner = hunt
  - - - trichromatic color vision (most monkeys, apes): fruit and leaf foraging advantage, know compositions
      - nocturnal: red-green color blindness: hard to detect camouflages
      - capuchin: some females 3 colors, some 2 colors
      - females squirrel monkeys more likely to see red than males
        
        gene therapy -> see red
    - - vision overlap -> stereoscopic/3D vision
    - - owl monkey
        
        no tapetum = reflecting crystal
        
        fovea = retinal area concentrate cones
        
        diurnal ancestor
      - tarsier
  - - - small NW monkey: marmoset/tamarin: 2-1-3-2, drop one molar
      - aye-aye: 1-0-0-3
  - - - high-level thinking, macaque * 10
  - - - grooming claw of prosimians and tarsiers
      - marmosets and tamarin (OW monkey)
  - - - monogamy = less sexual dimorphism
  - - - locomote tree
- - - - oxygen-generated cynanobacteria -> less toxic, right amount of iron -> possible forl lives
      - cell mutate & fuss
  - - - Pleistocene: 2.5
    - - Eocene (54): Monkey
        
        move South
      - Paleocene (65): Prosimian, lemurs, lorises, tarsiers
        
        fossils in North
      - Oliogocene (38): monkeys, Apes
        
        move South
        
        monkey/ape divergence
      - Miocene (26): NW monkeys
        
        25: monkey/apes diverge
      - Pliocene (7): Human/Ape diverge in Africa