Mass Media and Politics/Public Opinion and Political Socialization
The Concept of a Free Press
Threats to a Free Press
Media Bias
Changes in the Public Sphere
Public Sphere
Electronic Media
Print Media
Social Media
Mass Media
News Media
News
Press
Misinformation
Fake News
Agenda Setting
Prior Restraint
Leak
Private Control
Government Control
Hard News
Soft News
Political Bias
Objective Journalism
Propaganda Model
Racial and Gender Bias
Negativity Bias
Decline of the Gatekeeper
Information and Civic Engagement
The Concept of Public Opinion
Stability
Direction
Intensity
Salience
The Competence of Public Opinion
Delegation Model of Representative Government
Trustee System of Democracy
Elite Opinion and Issue Publics
Elite Opinion
Push Poll
Issue Public
Interpreting Public Opinion Polls
Did the Poll ask the Right People?
Biased Sample
Straw Poll
Random Sample
What is the Poll's Margin of Error?
Confidence Level
Margin of Error
What was the question?
Instrumentation
Which Question came first?
The Bases of Public Opinion
Political Culture
Ideaology
Political Socialization
Family
Schools
Peers
Events and Experiences
Reference Groups
The Mass Media
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Public Opinion and Participation