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module 4 communicable diseases - Coggle Diagram
module 4 communicable diseases
antibodies
structure
2 light chain
2 heavy chain
variable and constant region
di-sulphide bridge
function
antitoxins- neutrilise the pathogen by binding to receptor sites to block the pathogen binding to bodily cells
agglutimation- cause clumping of pathogen to allow phagocytosis to occur quicker and more efficeintly
phagocytosis
engulf pathogen
contains digestive enzymes
breakdown the pathogen
remove waste products by exocytosis
recycle pathogens amino acids/ fatty acids
HUMORAL IMMUNITY
immunity
artificial passive- injection of antibodies
natural passive- antibodies through breast milk
natural active- direct contact with pathogen
artificial active- vaccine
cell mediated immunity
antigen from the pathogen is presented on the cell surface
receptor specific T cells, bind to the antigen and are activated
clonal expansion (division) occurs and t cells differentiate into T- helper and memory cells
components of immune system
PHAGOCYTES
macrophages/neutrophil- engulf and digests pathogens
T CELLS
T helper- stimulates b cells to divide and secrete antibodies
T memory- remain in blood for years and provide longterm protection
T killer cells- kill abnormal and infected body cells
B CELLS
plasma cells- secrete antibodies
B memory cells