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periodic table - Coggle Diagram
periodic table
Group 1: Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Caesium, Francium
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MP AND BP
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Boiling points also decrease goind down the group, like the MP
uses:
Sodium, in salts, used as coolant in nuclear plants
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DENSITY
Low densities compared to most metals, not going above 3 gram per cm^3
TREND: Going down the group from lithium to caesium, density increases, but potassium is an ANOMALY
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Group 7: Flourine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Argon
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BP and MP
LOW MP and BP, as exist as molecules
as forces between molecules are weak (ubut forces between atoms of a molecule are strong), the molecules take little heat energy to separate and form a gas or liquid. eg: chlorine
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REACTIONS
Reacts with IRON
CHLORINE: Bright red flame, brown solid, fierce reaction
As it oes down the grou, the reactions become less fierce TRNED
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EXPERIMENT
APPARATUS:
cOMBUSTION SPOON, GAS JAR, IRON WOOL, THE GAS OR LIQUID OR WHATEVER
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HAZARDS
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bromine liquid: VERY TOXIC, CORROSIVE
use fume cupboard, wear eye protectioin, wear gloves
elements:
Chlorine is gas, green
war, kill bacteria, kills microbes in water purification
iodine is solid t room temp, shiny grey black, in vapour it is purple
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Group 2: Beryllium, Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium, Radium
Electron arrangement: 2 electrons in outershell, which gives similar properties
REACTIONS
WATER
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Reactions with water get more vigourous going down the group, like group 1
Beryllium- Doesn't react with water, Magnesium- Not vigorous reaction with water (bubbling in cold water) Calcium- vigorous, Strontium and Barium- more vigorous,
ACID:
Produce BUBBLING of HYDROGEN (magnesium and calcium), Calcium is more vigorous (HYDROCHLORIC ACID)
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QUESTION !!- The book says diluted HCl, then does that mean water is also in it, but then, aren'tt here two independent variables?
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Beryllium:
Emeralds, mirrors of James Webb Space Telescope, In special tools for using on an oil rig
Shiny, low density, doesn't change shape at low temp., alloy of aluminium and Be is strong and isn't damage by sea water and doesn't cause sparks that could start a fire on an oil rig
PERIODS
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metals on left of a period, non metals on right
TREND: From left to right, MP increase for first for elements, MP for other elements are lower
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