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Roles and relationships between parents and children - Coggle Diagram
Roles and relationships between parents and children
In most western society children are considered undeveloped, immature, vulnerable and in need of protection, however this view isn't everywhere. Therefore, childhood can be seen as a social construct
Changes in childhood
Cross-cultural and historical differences in childhood
Stone - up until the 18th century children were regarded as extra workers poorer families would send their kids out to get more wages
Emergence of childhood
Children being seperated from the adultss world is a modern-day approach ot childhood. Several changes to the life roles of children have led the family to be more child centered. Changes are
Smaller families
Extension of education
social policy
child rights
children as consumers
Power relations between parents and children
Families may be seen as more democratic thus giving children more power within the family
Laws make it clear that children are under control of the parents
Palmer - Toxic childhood childcare is being damaged by a diet of junk food, excessive exposure to computers and a lack of love
Diversity in child hood experiences
Social class
3.5 million children are living in poverty
Margo and Dixon - wealthier parents spend lots of their income on activities such as dance for their children poorer children are restricted
Gender - childhood like other areas of society remain heavily gendered
Ethnicity
Bhatti - Asian children are more strictly brought up
Barn - Black, Pakistani and Bangladeshi families in the uk are associated with low incomes and unemployment
Radford et al -
1 in 5 children have experienced severe maltreatment
Children abused by parents or cares are three times more likely to witness family violence
1 in 20 children have been sexually abused and 1 in 3 did not tell anyone at the time
All types of neglect and abuse are associated with poorer mental health
Changes in parenting
Chambers - ideas about goof parenting began to change in the period after 1970 for two reasons
growth of unemployment of women with children
Rise in divorce rates
Motherhood
McCarthy - women still feel as though they need to conform to traditional norms about what constitutes as good mothering. This includes ensuring their children receive good fathering
Park - In society today there is still the idea that children can only have one real mother. This dubbed the ideology of monometalism. This view no longer fits modern society
Fatherhood
Dermott - carried out in depth interview with 25 fathers and found that they wanted better relationship with their children than they had with their own fathers
Sevilla - Fathers spend 7x more time interacting with their children than fathers did 40 years ago in 1974 fathers averaged 5 mins. Mothers have increased from 15 mins to an hour.
Thompson - study on dads showed that many fathers are willing to be stay at home dads while combining it with work. 2/3 fathers take paternity leave and 8/10 would be happy to stay at home with the kids
Grandparents
HSBC reports estimated that the childcare grandparents provide would cost £50 billion in the private childcare industry
Chambers - grandparents are still very gendered, many are still employed and extended families are often dispersed