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OSTEOPOROSIS - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Anorexia
      - Abdominal pain
      - Heart burn
      - IV form can cause a fever, headache, and muscle aches
    - - Ibandronate
      - Alebdronate
      - Risedronate
  - - - Crack in the middle of the thighbone
      - Delayed healing of the jawbone
  - - - Raloxifene
      - Helps maintain bone density after menopause
    - - Increase in the risk of blood clots
      - Increased risk of breast cancer
      - Hot flashes
      - Increased risk of endometrial cancer
  - - - Acts as a parathyroid hormone to promote bone growth
      - Used for two years and then another medication for Osteoporosis will be added as an adjunct
      - Given as an injection
      - Has an increased risk for bone cancer so this drug is not given to people with a family history
    - - Acts as a parathyroid hormone to grow new bone
      - Can only be taken for two years
    - - Given as an injection to build new bone
      - Can only be used for one year
  - - - Rich in calcium and Vitamin D
    - - Men should only drink 2 drinks a day
      - Women should only drink one drink a day
- - - - Can lead to Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
      - Critical component used in bone formation
    - - Can lead to Secondary Hyperparathyoidism
      - Can lead to neuromuscular disabilities which will increase the risk of falls
      - Needed for calcium absorption and is used for bone formation
    - - Can lead to neuromuscular disabilities which will increase the risk of falls
      - Will cause calcium that is stored in the bones to be resorbed into the blood
  - - - The process of resorption is shorter than the process of osteoblastic replacement which can result in loss of bone mass
    - - Loss of estrogen after menopause can increase bone resorptions and decreased bone formation
- - - - We would use a small amount of ionized radiation to create images of the bone structures
      - Non invasive and efficient for diagnosing Osteoporosis
      - We usually only test this on the lower structures of the body such as the legs and hips
      - Does not require a lot of time for preparation
      - This will assess bone fragility and calcium levels in order to provide a patient with a fracture assessment risk
      - Used to measure bone mineral density
      - Completed in 10-30 minutes
    - - A post-menopausal patient
      - A post-menopausal patient no taking estrogen
      - Women with a tall and thin build
      - If urine samples show high levels of collagen, that could indicate hincreased bone turnover
      - Anyone taking medications that may cause excess bone loss. These include
        
        Corticosteroids such as Prednisone
        
        Antiseizure medications such as Dilantin
        
        Thyroid replacement medications
      - Patients who have hyperthryoidism
      - Patients who have Hyperparathyroidism
  - - - A score given to determine the amount of bone a patient has incompairson with people in the same age group, size, and gender
    - - A score given to determine the amount of bone a patient has in comparison with a young adult of the same gender with the most amount of bone mass
      - Scores:
        
        -1 is normal
        
        -1.1 to -2.4 is low bone mass
        
        -2.5 and below indicates Osteoporosis