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2.RELIGIOUS WARS AND THE COUNTER-REFORMATION
2.1.RELIGIOUS WARS
In 1521, the Church excommunicated Luther and attempted to prosecute him for heresy
Various meetings took place, such as the Diet of Worms
The Emperor supported the Pope and the Church
Finally, the Peace of Augsburg was signed in 1555, under which the Emperor granted the Protestant princes religious freedom.
Religious Wars:
In France
In the Low Countries
In the British Isles
Consequences of religious division in Europe
The Pope and the Emperor became less influential
Protestants and Catholics persecuted each other in the areas they dominated.
2.2.THE COUNTER-REFORMATION
The Council of Trent, established the Catholic Church’s course of action in three main areas:
internal reform
the repression of Protestantism.
the clarification of their teachings
The Catholics maintained their power over southern and central Europe.
