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ELECTRICITY AND DIRECT CURRENT CIRCUITS :zap: :bulb: :zap:, POWER SOURCES …
ELECTRICITY AND DIRECT CURRENT CIRCUITS :zap: :bulb: :zap:
2.Conductors and insulators
materials that let electric current flow throught them are called conductors.
Gold , silver , aluminium and copper.
materials that do not let electric current flow throught them are called insulators
Wood , carboard and plastic.
STATIC ELECTRICITY : is a phenomenon caused by the accumulation of charge in a material
3.Electric circuits
ELECTRIC CIRCUIT : is a series of interconnected components that electric current flows through to produce a effect.
Control devices
Devices that regulate the circuit ; in othe words , they allow or prevent the flow of electric current through the circuit
Load devices
Components that receive the electrical energy from the power sources and convert it to other types of useful energy
Conductors
Components that transport the electrical energy form de power sources to the load devices .
Power sources
Components that supply the necessary electricical energy to the rest of the circuit in order to move the electrons .
1.Electricity. Electricity energy
All materials are made up of very small particles called atoms. Atoms are made up of other particles that are even smaller, this particles are: Protons,neutrons and electrons.
Electricity is a form of energy that lets negatively charged particles (electrons) move from one atom to another.
Electric current is the flow of elctrons from one atom to another inside a conductive material.
Electrical energy is the most common from of energy because it`s easy to obtain, it can be transported over long distances and it can easily be transformed into many other forms of energy (like light, heat, sound and motion).
5.Open circuits , closed circuits and short circuits
A circuit is closed when the energy of the power source reaches the load devices , so the electric current flows.
A circuit is open when the energy of the power source cannot each the load devices , so the electric current cannot flow .
In a electric circuit , short circuit occurs when the electric current is transportes by the wires without passing through a load device .
6.TYPES OF CIRCUITS
Parallel circuits
In these circuits , the load devices are connected on different branches of the wire . There are several possible paths for the electric current to flow through
Series-parallel combination circuits
These circuits contain devices connected in series and in parallel
Series circuits
In these circuits , all the components are connected one after the other . This way , all the current flows throght all the load devices.
4.Components of a circuits
POWER SOURCES
Battery
Cell
CONDUCTORS
Wire
LOAD DEVICES
Lamp
Motor
Buzzer
Resistor
CONTROL DEVICES
One-way switch
Push switch
Two-way switch
9.ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Of the many activities we do every day , the majority use electricity . The production , transportation and consumption of electricity all have an impact on our enviroment to varying degrees . This impact can be local or global
Environmental impact of energy production and transmission :Electrical energy is generated industrially in power stations , wich convert a form of energy
Responsible use of electrical energy : When we save energy , we save money too but more emportantly , we save natural resources and help to protect the environment
8.Converting electrical energy
Heat: We can convert heat trought -> RESISTOR.
Motion: We can convert motion trought -> MOTOR.
Light: We can convert energy to light trought -> LAMP.
Sound: We can convert sound trought -> BUZZER.
POWER SOURCES
- Cell - Battery
