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Hormonal and Metabolic Functions Alterations - Coggle Diagram
Hormonal and Metabolic Functions Alterations
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion
clinical manifestations include
hypotonic hyponatremia
abnormal levels of serum sodium
diagnostic criteria
Hypoatremia
Hypotonicity
Decreased urine volume
Highly concentrated urine with a high sodium content
Absence of renal, adrenal, or thyroid abnormalities
treatment modalities include
removing the cause
water restriction
saline administration/IV therapy
Diabetes Insipidus
clinical manifestations include
polyuria
excessive thirst
serum hyperosmolality
diagnostic criteria
patient history
physical examination
signs of dehydration
enlargement of the bladder
treatment modalities include
hydration
IV hypotonic solution
pharmacologic treatment (i.e. anti-diuretics, etc)
Hyperthyroidism
clinical manifestations include
excessive metabolic rate
exophthalmos
goiter
diagnostic criteria
family history
measurement of serum-free thyroxine
treatment modalities include
radioactive iodine
medications blocking thyroid hormone production
surgical removal of the gland
oral thyroid hormone replacement therapy
Hypothyroidism
clinical manifestations include
goiter
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Myxedema
diagnostic criteria
Laboratory studies (i.e. TSH assay, T3, T4, etc)
treatment modalities include
replacing the deficient hormone
Lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy
pharmacologic drug (levothyroxine)
Cushing Syndrome
clinical manifestations include
metabolic alterations
excessive circulating glucose and intolerance
suppression of the inflammatory and immune responses
behavioral changes
impaired stress response
diagnostic criteria
24-hour urine collection
imaging to look for tumors
treatment modalities include
surgery
radiation
Corticosteroid medications
Addison Disease
clinical manifestations include
insufficient levels of the steroid hormones
Elevations in ACTH levels
hyperpigmentation
diagnostic criteria
hyperkalemia
Serum corticosteroid levels
Hypoatremia
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treatment modalities include
isotonic IV fluid replacement
hydrocortisone
glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid oral replacement
increased salt intake in hot weather
antibiotics