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PRESENT PERFECT
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PRESENT PERFECT
RULES
Regla 1:
The present perfect is made with the auxiliary to have + participle verb, which varies depending on whether the verb is regular or irregular.
Regla 2:
Regular verbs have the ending “-ed” added to the infinitive of the verb in order to make its participle.
Example:
Want: wanted.
Talk: talked.
Walk: walked
Regla 3:
A los verbos irregulares se debe escribir el participio (tercera columna) de la lista de los verbos irregulares.
Example:
See: seen
Eat: eaten
Drive: driven
USE
The present perfect is used for actions that occurred at a non-specific time before now. The specific time is not important. Therefore, specific time expressions ("this morning", "yesterday", "last year" ...) are not usually used with the present perfect.
You can use the present perfect with non-concrete expressions of time ("never", "ever", "many times", "for", "since", "already", "yet" ...).
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EXAMPLES
Have you found what you were looking for?
Give the toy to your brother; you have played with it for hours.
I have seen that kid before, but I don’t remtextember his name.
You haven’t changed at all since the last time I saw you.
I’m not shocked, I have seen worse.
With this noise, I haven’t heard a word he said.
I don’t know if it will fit, I haven’t used that dress in ages.
Don’t worry, I’ve taken care of it.
Be careful, you have done a lot of exercise and you haven’t had enough water.
We have finished dessert and we are ready to go.
I haven’t seen her this morning.
It has rained a lot this week.
Have you ever tried that restaurant?
They have changed their mind.
They have improved the service.
I have already forgotten what we came here for.
Have you enjoyed your stay so far?
I have taught this game to all of my friends.
We have already done those exercises.
I have seen what he can do.
They have been off and on the relationship for months.
Have you checked this data before printing?
He has become a very successful doctor.
We can get in their system, John has broken the code.
Hung up, you’ve been on the phone for two hours.
STRUCTURE
To form the present perfect, the auxiliary verb "to have" is used in the present and the past participle of the verb. For regular verbs, the past participle is the simple form of the past.
Affirmative Sentences
Sujeto + verbo auxiliar (to have) + participio pasado...
Example:
She has [She’s] gone to work.
Negative Sentences
Sujeto + verbo auxiliar (to have) + “not” + participio pasado…
Example:
She hasn’t gone to work.
Interrogative Sentences
Verbo auxiliar (to have) + sujeto + participio pasado…?
Example:
Has she gone to work?
The present perfect refers to an event that started in the past and still has some influence in the present, this influence could be something that you have experienced and that still has an impact on your life.
It could also be used for things that have changed over time, or a task that was left unfinished in the past and will be completed in the future.
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