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Benzodiazepines - Coggle Diagram
Benzodiazepines
Adverse Effects
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Visual effects
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Diplopia, nystagmus, blurred vision
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CNS effects
CNS depression: fatigue, drowsiness, muscle weakness, ataxia, lightheadedness, dizziness.
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Paradoxical CNS stimulation can create talkativeness, anxiety, nightmares, tremulousness, hyperactivity, and increased muscle spasms= DISCONTINUE
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Pharmacokinetics
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Absorption
Well absorbed orally, IM, IV, topical
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Mechanisms of Action
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Acts at the limbic, thalamic, cortical, and hypothalamic levels of the CNS.
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Pharmacologic Effects
Behavioral effects
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Long term= Reduced in stages 3 & 4 (deep) sleep- After long-term use, can interfere w/restorative sleep
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Medical uses
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Conscious sedation, general anes, surgery
Short-term tx of anxiety, panic attacks, insomnia, & alcohol withdrawal.
Drug Interactions
"Black Box" warning against using w/opioids, alcohol, or other CNS depressants (including street drugs). ADDITIVE EFFECT
This combo= severe drowsiness, resp. depression, coma, and death
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