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COVID-19 PADA ANAK - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Indirect: transfer of an infectious agent from a reservoir to a host by suspended air particles, inanimate objects (vehicles), or animate intermediaries (vectors)
        
        Vectors such as mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks may carry an infectious agent through purely mechanical means or may support growth or changes in the agent. Examples of mechanical transmission are flies carrying Shigella on their appendages and fleas carrying Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, in their gut. Biologic transmission, the causative agent of malaria or guinea worm disease undergoes maturation in an intermediate host before it can be transmitted to humans
        
        Airborne: transmission occurs when infectious agents are carried by dust or droplet nuclei (less than 5 microns) may remain suspended in the air for long periods of time and may be blown over great distances, ex: measles
        
        Vehicles that may indirectly transmit an infectious agent include food, water, biologic products (blood), and fomites (inanimate objects such as handkerchiefs, bedding, or surgical scalpels).A vehicle may passively carry a pathogen — as food or water may carry hepatitis A virus, or may provide an environment in which the agent grows, multiplies, or produces toxin — as improperly canned foods provide an environment that supports production of botulinum toxin by Clostridium botulinum.
      - Direct: an infectious agent is transferred from a reservoir to a susceptible host by direct contact or droplet spread.
        
        Droplet spread: spray with relatively large, short-range aerosols produced by sneezing, coughing, or even talking, ex: pertussis
        
        Direct contact
        
        Sexual intercourse, ex: gonorrhea
        
        Kontak dengan tanah atau tumbuhan yang terkontaminasi, ex: ancylostomiasis
        
        Skin to skin contact: Kissing -can cause infectiuous mononucleosis or kissing disease, shaking hands, etc
    - - Endemic: the constant presence and/or usual prevalence of a disease or infectious agent in a population within a geographic area.
      - Hyperendemic: persistent, high levels of disease occurrence.
      - Sporadic: a disease that occurs infrequently and irregularly
      - Epidemic: an increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in that area. Outbreak (KLB): carries the same definition of epidemic, but is often used for a more limited geographic area.
      - Endemic: a particular disease that is usually present in a community
      - Cluster: an aggregation of cases grouped in place and time that are suspected to be greater than the number expected, even though the expected number may not be known.
      - Pandemic: an epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents, usually affecting a large number of people.
- - - - Perawatan suportif
      - Antibiotik IV dengan ceftriaxone IV 80 mg/kgbb/24 jam atau azitromisin 10 mg/kgbb
      - Antiviral potensial dan hidroksiklorokuin
      - Vitamin C 400mg/hari
    - - Infus cairan
      - Nutrisi adekuat
      - Oksigenasi
- - - - Penutup kepala, google/faceshield, baju kerja, masker bedah 3 lapis/N95, sarung tangan karet sekali pakai, gown, sepatu tertutup
    - - Penutup kepala, google/faceshield, baju kerja, masker N95, sarung tangan karet sekali pakai, coverall, gown, boots
    - - Penutup kepala, baju kerja, masker bedah 3 lapis, sarung tangan sekali pakai, sepatu tertutup