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The protestant reformation - Coggle Diagram
The protestant reformation
Causes
The church's wealth
The high clergy lived a life of luxury
The church
possessed extensive lands
taxed the humble population
The buying and selling of ecclesiastical positions
These positions
provided an income
provided an income
and were therefore a way of getting rich
The bad example set by the high clergy
The majority of those at the top of the hierarchy occupied positions
for their own gain
The sale of indulgences
When the church needed money
it sold indulgences
through which it helped believers to be forgiven for their sins
The low clergy's lack of training
The church hierarchy did not give much importance
to the training of its priests and therefore
These circumstances angered the majority of believers
Luther's break from Rome
Luther continued to criticise the Church and develop his ideas
resulting in the Lutheran doctrine
Free interpretation of the Bible
Priests should be abolished
anyone could read and interpret the Bible in their own way
Forgiveness and salvation
do not depend on the good deeds a person does in life
but on faith and God's will
Rejection of the veneration
of the Virgin Mary, saints and holy relics
Rejection of the sacraments
except for baptism and the Eucharist
Opposition
to the Church owning property
support for the nobles taking over the Church's possessions
Inportant
1517
Luther publishes 95 Theses
1559-1562
Eradication of the Lutheran groups in Spain
1521
The Pope demands that Luther retracts his writings at the Diet of Worms
1536
Lutheranism spreads to Denmark and Norway
1522
Luther translates the Bible into German
The spread of the reformation
Lutheranism spread rapidly across northern Europe
Denmark
the countries on the Scandinavian Peninsula
the Low Countries
Germany
The movement also diversified
other reformers appeared with new doctrines
John Calvin
was a French theologian
who spread a type of Protestantism from Geneva in Switzerland
The Pope
would not give his consent for King Henry VIII to divorce Catherine of Aragón
1534
he broke with the Catholic Church
the Act of Supremacy was passed
Ultricht Zwingli
was a Swiss pastor
who founded the Reformed Church in the city of Zurich
introduction
The reformation
was a religious movement which began in the first half of the 16th century
It instigated the division of
the Christian Church
the founding of protestant churches