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THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION, image, image, image, image, image, image,…
THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION
CAUSES
The low clergy's lack of training.
Did not give much importance to the training of its priests
Many of them did not behave appropriately.
The bad example set by the high clergy
The majority of those at the top of the hierarchy occupied positions for their own gain.
They did not respect the customs they preached.
The church's wealth.
The high clergy lived a life of luxury.
The church possessed extensive lands and taxed the humble population.
It also obtained income by carrying out religious sacraments.
From the veneration of holy relics, saints and the Virgin Mary.
The buying and selling of ecclesiastical positions.
These positions provided an income and economic rights
Were therefore a way of getting rich.
The sale of indulgences.
Helped believers to be forgiven for their sins.
By taking money in exchange
LUTHER'S BREAK FROM ROME
Marthin Luther was schandalised for the amount of corruption on the Church
He published 95 Theses in 1517
Criticising the sale of indulgences and other bad practices carried out by the ecclesiastical hierarchy.
Lutheran doctrine
Free interpretation of the Bible.
Priests should be abolished
Anyone could read and interpret the Bible in their own way.
He initiated the translation of the holy book into various languages.
Rejection of:
Beneration of
Saints
Holy relics
Virgin Mary
All sacraments
Except
Baptism
Eucarist
Opposition to the Church owning property
Support for the nobles taking over the Church's possessions
Forgiveness and salvation do not depend on the good deeds a person does in life
Depended on:
Faith
God's will
THE SPREAD OF THE REFORMATION
John Calvin
French theologian
spread a type of Protestantism from Geneva in Switzerland.
His beliefs were based on predestination
People were destined for salvation or damnation from birth.
The Pope would not give his consent
King Henry VII to divorce from Catherine of Aragón
1534
Broke with the Catholic Church
Act of Supremacy was passed.
He appointed himself head of the Church of England or Anglican Church.
Ultricht Zwingli
Swiss pastor
founded the Reformed Church in the city of Zurich.
