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L13: Sterilization method - Coggle Diagram
L13: Sterilization method
Autoclave
Expose the implant to saturated steam @ 121 deg C
Heating to 121 deg C --> to denature the protein
Purpose of saturated steam
Kill bacteria
Higher penetrative power than dry air
Moistens the pores --> bacteria more susceptible to moist heat
Coagulate and denature protein to kill the microorganisms at high temperature and pressure
Includes lethal chemical changes within the microorganisms
EtO sterilization
EtO gas used
Can kill all types of microorganisms
Alkylation of amine groups on nuclei acid which prevents normal cellular metabolism
Require pre-conditioning step
Disadvantages
Toxic, flammable and carcinogen
Chosen method
Wear proper PPE
Aeration to remove the EtO in material
Proper release of EtO is needed
aeration uses water and air to remove the residue
Ionising radiation
Gamma ray
Disadvantages
High capital cost
Decay of isotopes -
periodic need for additional isotope
Electron Beam
Disadvantages
High capital cost
Limited penetration
unsuitable for thick packaged product
Radiation interacts with water, leading to the formation of free radicals that can diffuse far enough to reach and damage the DNA of the microorganism - Death of microorganism
Advantages
Wide range of materials are compatible with radiation
Disadvantages
Cause chain scission or crosslinking in polymers
Change in mechanical properties : weaken the material
Cause discolouration (turn yellow) in polymers