Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Pandanus Amaryllifolius (Pandan Leaves) Title leaves - Coggle Diagram
Pandanus Amaryllifolius (Pandan Leaves)
Studies on lower epidermal papillae, site of storage of basmati rice aroma compounds in Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.
Fragrant/general (5)
In non-tropical countries, it is difficult to get fresh P. amaryllifolius leaves. Hence the essence or paste of P. amaryllifolius is used as a substitut
P. amaryllifolius is a natural inhabitant of moist tropical islands2
In addition to aroma, P. amaryllifolius is also potentially valuable as a candidate for new medicinal principles
#
#
The principal aroma compound, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) is ten times higher in this plant than in basmati rice
Throughout Southeast Asia it is used in cooking to impart flavour and colour to rice, sweets, jellies, and in many other food products
.
It was identified for the first time as the principle aroma compound in cooked rice by Buttery et al.1
reported higher quantities of 2AP in P. amaryllifolius, of the order of 1 ppm; more than ten times that found in milled rice and 100 times that found in common rice.
Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. is the only species belong-ing to the family Pandanaceae that has fragrant leaves.
THE genus Pandanus, family Pandanaceae comprises ap-proximately 600 species that are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical region
thirty-six species of Pandanus have been recorded in India, among which P. odoratissimus Linn. and P. amaryllifolius Roxb. are being exploited commercially by the flavour industry. In P. odoratissimus the flowers are scente
P. amaryllifolius Roxb. is a native of the Philippines and Thailand4. It was intro-duced5 into India from Indonesia through the Botanical Garden at Kolkata in 1798
#
Wakte et al., 2007
Pandan leaves extract (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb) as a food preservative
Natural Food Preservative (6)
Pandan leaves extract contain bioactive compound like tannin, alkaloids, flavonoids, and polyphenols. There were no colonization found in Putu Ayu that was added 15% pandan leaves extract concentration in 101 dilution. The result of Number of Mold Count of Putu Ayu that contain 15% pandan leaves extract concentration showed no mold growth in 104 dilution but failed to provide good fragarance and flavor in food products
. Conclusion: Pandan leaves extract in the concentration of 15% were able to decrease Total Plate Count and Number of Mold and Traditional food while the 10% showed some sign of of growth
Development of compound that can give good flavor and fragarance as well as good food preservative
#
This study aims to determine the potential of pandan leaves extract (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb) in lowering the total plate count and the number of mold
Food poisoning or foodborne disease is still a serious concern in Indonesia.
The use of harmful synthetic chemical preservatives are still widely found in society.
Therefore, it would require efforts to develop safe natural preservatives― for instance, from Pandan leaves (Pandanus amayllifolius Roxb) which are often used as a natural food coloring and flavor concentrates
Resmi Anni & Ana Mardiyaninsin
New alkaloids from Pandanus amaryllifolius.
general information (2)
Salim et al., 2004
Hot water extracts of the root of this plant(reported asP. odorusRidl.) show hypoglycemic activity
The leaves are used as a food flavoring and intraditional medicine in the Philippines, Thailand, andIndonesia.
This plant is also known as fragrantscrew pine, toei hom (Thailand), pandan mabango (Philip-pines), pandan wangi (Malay), and daun pandan (Indone-sia).
Pandanus amaryllifoliusRoxb. (Pandanaceae) grows inSoutheast Asia and is the only reported pandanus specieswith scented leaves
PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) LEAVES EXTRACT AS FLIES REPELLENT AND ITS EFFECTS ON ORGANOLEPTIC QUALITIES OF CHICKEN MEAT
Insect repellent (1)
The results showed that the immersion of chicken meat in PWLEwas effective toreduce the number of flies contamination with a repellent levelof 0%; 8.25%; 36.5%; 53% and 59%,on the PWLE addition at0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%,respectively.
Organoleptic testAs much as 20 panelists were included for the organoleptic test. The panelists were consisted of general chicken meat consumers aged at 18 to 35 y old. The assessed organoleptic variables in this research include color, aroma, and texture, scored on 5 hedonic qualities and scales as follow:-Color, aroma, and texture hedonic scales: 1 = highly favorable; 2 = favorable; 3 = neutral; 4 = unfavorable; 5 = highly unfavorable.
#
The study was conducted in a completelyrandomizeddesignwith PWLE concentrations(0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) as research treatments and replicated for four times.
Texture quality: 1= rough; 2 = slightly rough; 3 = neutral texture; 4 = slightly tender; 5 = tender
#
The research aims to determine the effectiveness of pandanwangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.)leavesextract (PWLE) as fliesrepellent and understand its effect on the organoleptic qualitiesof chicken meat.
Linalool is a chemical compound commonly found in plant and had intense aroma that is unfavored by insect. Research has shown that linalool, such as in lavender oil, could be used as insect repellent and
Ismantoet al., 202074even used as body lotion to repel mosquitos (Marina & Astuti, 2012).
Aroma quality: 1 = intense pandan leaves aroma; 2 = had pandan leaves aroma, 3 = neutral aroma; 4 = smelly chicken aroma; 5 = intense smelly chicken aroma.
:-Color, aroma, and texture hedonic scales: 1 = highly favorable; 2 = favorable; 3 = neutral; 4 = unfavorable; 5 = highly unfavorable.-Color quality: 1 = green; 2 = yellow green; 3 = neutral colour, 4 = light yellow, 5 = white.
#
The results also showed a positive correlation between PWLE concentration with repellent levels, with higher PWLE concentrations would have higher repellent levels. Hazzard & Jennings (1936
The research concludes that higher pandan wangi leaves extract (PWLE) resulted better flies repellent levels, and all PWLE concentration levels used in this study did not affect hedonic properties of the chicken meat. The research also showed that the immersion of chicken meat on 20% PWLE is the most effective approach as flies repellent as seen from the flies contamination levels and organoleptic values.
Ismantoet al., 2020
FORMULASI SEDIAAN GEL ANTISEPTIK TANGAN DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.)
medical (14)
Fresh pandan leaves, simplicia andethanol extract of fragrant pandanus contain the same class of compounds viz tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins andpolyphenols
The ethanol extract of fragrant pandan leavesh as antibacterial activity strongest at 10% concentration with an activity diameter of 13.23 mm against Staphylococcus bacteria aureus and 13.13 mm against Escherichia coli , almost the same as Dettol as a comparison is 16.43
The results of phytochemical screening showed that the pandanus fragrant leaves contain alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids and polyphenols
#
The pandanus fragrant leaves ethanol extract can be formulated into hand gel antiseptic preparations because the pH is about 6.0-7.1, the spreading power is about 5.06-5.15 cm, stable for 12 weeks and organoleptically a formula with a very 2.5% concentration Favored and does not irritate the skin
Hand antiseptic preparations contains leaf ethanol extract pandan wangi does not cause irritation on the skin.
This reseach was conducted to determine the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Eschericia coli from pandanus fragrant ethanol extract formulated in the form of hand gel antiseptic preparations.
Dasopang1 et al., 2016
The Investigation on Cholinesterases and BACE1 Inhibitory Activities in Various Tea Infusions.
Medical/beverage(3)
Pandan tea was found to exhibit the highest AChE inhibition, while cat’s whisker and ginger teas exhibited the lowest.
Pandan tea exhibited the highest anti-BChE activity, which was even higher than some conventional teas (oolong and pu-erh teas).
Climbing defected analysis To confirm a neuroprotective function regarding AD of pandan leaves in vivo, Drosophila expressing human amyloid beta-42 in the brain area were used as an experimental model
Elav/AD flies were treated with deionized water (a solvent control), donepezil (an AD drug) and pandan extract.
As result, the Elav flies showed the highest ability to climb compared to Elav/AD flies (AD flies) exposed to deionized water
Moreover, the climbing ability of Elav/AD flies was gradually decreased by fly’s age, which represented human AD pathogenesis
The Elav/AD flies exposed to donepezil did not show any climbing defect from amyloid-42 toxicity, confirming its ability as AD drug as previously reported by Liu et a
Interestingly, pandan leaves extract was able to prevent and reduce amyloid-42 toxicity as donepezil at the indicated day, suggesting the ability of pandan in prevention of AD in vivo. In addition, this study implied that pandan leaves extract may pass blood-brain barrier through the Drosophila brain.
Locomotive assay was performed on pandan leaves extract, which was choosing from the herbal tea infusion with the highest cholinesterase inhibitory activity screening from the previous anti-cholinesterase assays.
Thus, these tea infusions could be used as effective anti-AD beverages
Pandan leaves extract was further investigated regarding termination of beta-amyloid formation both in in vitro and in vivo experiments.
It was found that pandan leaves extract exhibited high in vitro anti-BACE1 activity, while in vivo Drosophila melanogaster study suggested the ability of pandan leaves in AD prevention
Besides, preliminary in vivo study showed that pandan leaves extract was able to rescue climbing defect observed in AD Drosophila melanogaster model, indicating the potential roles of pandan leaves in AD prevention
In attempt to explain inhibitory activity of pandan leaves, its phenolic acids and flavonoids were preliminary investigated using HPLC analysis.
As results, we found that pandan leaves contained higher contents of total flavonoids (approx. 1.6 times) than phenolic acids (data not shown).
Flavonoids of pandan consisted of quercetin and kaempferol (the content of quercetin was approximately. 1.2 times higher than kaempferol), while its phenolic acids consisted of caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid and sinapic acid (data not shown). Zhao et al.
previously reported that quercetin with the IC50 of 15.4 µg/mL against AChE [20] had been proven to be effective against P19-derived neuronal (embryonic carcinoma) cells, in which it could enhance cell survival and induce neurite outgrowth [21].
Kaempferol was previously reported to exhibit higher IC50 (37 µg/mL against AChE [20]) than quercetin, suggesting that quercetin is a more effective AChE inhibitor than kaempferol. Phenolic acids, on the other hand, were potentially less effective against AChE than flavonoids [22,23].
Pandan leaves were found to exhibit anti-BACE1 activity with 98 % inhibition
To investigate anti-BACE1 activity, water extract of pandan leaves was prepared instead of pandan tea infusion
since future food applications on pandan leaves can gain more benefits from this research. As result, it was found that pandan leaves extract exhibited anti-BACE1 activity with 98% inhibition (the extract at 2 mg/mL), suggesting its potential neuroprotective effect against AD through prevention of β-amyloid formation.
Uthaiwan SUTTISANANEE et al., 2018
Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Some Plants Collected from Malaysia
Medical (8)
Pandanus amaryllifolius, Macaranga peltata and Acacia mangium were found to possess antioxidant property which was confirmed
Alkaloids are referred for range of pharmacological activities such as antimalarial, antineoplastic, antibacterial and anti-hyperglycaemic activities
#
Tannin, terpenoids and glycosides were present in Pandanus amaryllifolius,
The presence of phytochemicals especially secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, sterols, terpenoids are deemed to be the main supporting factor of the antimicrobial activity of the plant against invading pathogens
Purayi et al., 2019
Pandanus amaryllifolius leaf extract increases insulin sensitivity in high-fat diet-induced obese mice
medical(15)
#
The treatment with P. amaryllifolius could decrease several parameters of impaired glucose and lipid metabolism
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the role of P. amaryllifolius leaf extract in alleviating the insulin dysfunction in obesity state.
Six weeks of treatment with P. amaryllifolius led to a significant reduction in the blood glucose level as well as improvement in the insulin resistance.
P. amaryllifolius also increased the liver glycogen storage and serum adiponectin and decreased the serum leptin levels. A reduction in the serum and hepatic triglyceride, and non-esterified fatty acid levels was also observed
The histological examination showed that the obese mice treated with P. amaryllifolius reduced the lipid droplet in liver tissue and adipocyte size in epididymal fat tissue.
. The treatment also increased the protein expression of glucose transporter 4 in the muscle and fat tissues.
Saenthaweesuk et al., 2016
Ethnobotanical study on the Genus Pandanus L. f. in certain areas in Java, Indonesia
general knowledge (13)
P. amaryllifolius for culinary aromatic purposes only
#
The plants grow in clumps and have thin and sharp leaves at edge like sword, fragrant odor
From ecology aspect, Pandanus can be used as restraining material for wind, sand erosion and tsunami wave, especially in coastal areas with mangrove
Grow at coastal areas, the tree was tall, its leaves are rigid, less used for plaiting. (v) Pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.).
Pandanus is useful for ritual, ornamental plants, fragrance, and as industrial material, such as bag, rope, hat, plaited, mat, house and building roofs.
Generally processing of pandan at each village was similar, but there are several differences at boiling, soaking, and shaving stages. The processing of pandan was done without boiling, through soaking process, and without soaking process. Besides, duration of soaking process and shavings process also differ based on quality of processed pandan products. The processing stages will affect the quality of plaiting materials.
new source to explain how its used in the general knowledge section
WARDAH♥,FRANCISCA MURTI SETYOWATI., 2009
Antioxidant Properties of Thai Traditional Herbal Teas
Medical beverages(4)
Among the 11 tea recipes tested, the summer recipe 1 containingAegle marmelos(L.)Correa,Stevia rebaudiana(Bert.) Bertoni,Pandanus amaryllifoliusRoxb. andMorus albaL. demonstratedthe most promising antioxidant properties (p>0.05) and a phenolic content (p>0.05), which wascomparable to green tea.
n the DPPH assay, recipe 1showed the highest antioxidant properties among the summer tea recipes, and the amount was greaterthan the green tea control
Recipe 1 had the highest antioxidant activityamong the summer tea recipes.
Excessive free radicals can cause oxidative stress, leading to variouschronic and degenerative diseases in humans, such as heart disease, strokes, Alzheimer’s diseaseand cancer [1,2]. Phytochemicals—especially phenolics, carotenoids and curcuminoids—possessantioxidant properties [3–5]. Antioxidants are possibly beneficial in promoting health or preventingage-related diseases
#
For example,A.marmelosandP. amaryllifoliuswere used for refreshment and to relieve an excessivefire elemen
the winter tea and monsoon recipes. Green tea also had a significantly higher phenolic content thanthe winter tea and
The summer tea recipe 1 showed the most effective antioxidant activity based onall measurement methods and was comparable to green tea
This study aims to assess the benefits of Thai traditional herbalteas through evaluating their antioxidant properties and measuring the satisfaction levels ofhealthy volunteers.
his study shows that Thai traditional herbal teas, developed based on the concepts of Thaitraditional medicine, could be a good choice for people looking for health-promoting beverages.
The prescription of herbal teas is one ofthe approaches that Thai traditional and folk medicine practitioners use to treat their patients
Summer tea recipe 1 obtained the highest satisfaction scores in all rated categories (color, scent,taste and overall satisfaction) of any of the 11 Thai traditional teas
#
he summer tea recipe 1 is a beverage that balances the body elementsin summer and contains high antioxidant properties that are comparable to green tea. In addition,it was viewed favorably by a wide age range of consumers, from teenagers to middle-aged.
Tipduangta et al., 2019
Pandan (Pandanaceae) in Flores Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia: an economic-botanical study
General (7)
As in other parts of Indonesia in Flores the most common species used for natural food colouring and flavouring is the leaves harvested from P. amaryllifolius, the famous aromatic pandan
#
#
The leaves from P. amaryllifolius are used as a part of offering in rituals of visiting graveyards or sacred places. The pleasant aroma produced by the leaves of this well-known aromatic pandan is regarded by the people as sacred and enchanting
In local languages it is simply known as ―panda‖. The leaf produces natural green colour and characteristic flavour for the prepared food.
Pandanus amaryllifolius is a widely cultivated species, never found in the wild. It is known as ―panda‖ in various local languages in the Flores Island. Although the origin of this well known aromatic species in Flores is still shrouded in mystery, but from our observations in the field we believe that P. amaryllifolius was introduced. It is usually planted in the gardens or house yards from sea level to 1000 meters altitude. P. amaryllifolius was introduced.
new source about culitvation
DJARWANINGSIH et al., 2013
Medical (11)
Antihyperglycemic effects of Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. leaf extract.
In recent years, interests in examining the effects of hypoglycemic herbs, which used in traditional Asian medicine for treatment of diabetes, is on the rise[6] since these herbs are cheaper and have fewer side effects as compared to synthetic drugs
The aromatic pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb (PA); Thai name: Toei‑hom) is a plant native to Thailand and commonly used in cooking.
#
On the other hand, pandan leaves are used in daily life in pandan leaf tea, or pandan flavors in food or snacks using pandan leave extract.
#
Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. (PA) leaves are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes
In our pilot study, we found that an extract of pandan leaves can significantly reduce postpandrial blood sugar in healthy participants (n = 10) using a standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (P ≤ 0.008, data not shown).
Our data demonstrated that PA tea (30 g in 300 ml boiling water) could significantly reduce postprandial blood glucose levels in healthy participants (P < 0.001) by average of 16.7%.
Sasidharan and co‑workers also found that combination of ethanolic extract of Carica papaya and Pandanus amaryfollius leaf could reduce blood sugar levels
#
We demonstrated that PA Roxb. extracts could reduce postprandial blood glucose, stimulate insulin secretion from rat pancreatic beta cell line and inhibit alpha glycosidase enzyme activity
Our study showed that PA Roxb. leaf has a potential to serve as a natural source of antihyperglycemic agents.
Anchalee Chiabchalard, Nattakarn Nooron., 2015
THE POTENTIAL OF MATURE PANDAN LEAVES AS A SOURCE OF CHLOROPHYLL FOR NATURAL FOOD COLORANTS
Food colorant (12)
many consumers prefer to choose food with natural colorants as it is considered safe. There are Indonesian indigenous plants that are usually used as a food coloring agent, namely pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) (Wakte et al., 2012) and suji (Dracaena angustifolia) (Indrasti et al., 2019).
Consumers consider food color as the primary attribute of food before purchasing because it represents the quality and authenticity of the food and indicates successful food processing (Simon et al., 2017; Schifferstein et al., 2019).
Pandan and suji leaves are used as a source of green colorants
The major substance in pandan leaves that is used as the green coloring agent is chlorophyl
. Traditionally, the use of pandan leaves, as natural colorants, is done by mixing pandan leaf extract with food materials during food preparation and processing.
J. Teknol. dan Industri Pangan Vol. 31(2): 127-137 Th. 2020
medical (9)
#
Antioxidant Activity of Pandanus amaryllifolius Leaf and Root Extract and its Application in Topical Emulsion.
Pandan has long been used in food but there have been few studies of its topical pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.
Furthermore, the leaves are used to refresh the body, reduce fever, and relieve indigestion [3], and are reported to contain various alkaloids [4] and unglycosylated pandamin protein which exhibits antiviral activity against human viruses, herpes simplex virus type-1 and influenza virus
#
P. amaryllifolius extracted in propylene glycol solvent exhibited higher DPPH radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content than that extracted in ethanol, while the leaf demonstrated higher antioxidant activity than the root.
The leaf of Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb., commonly known as pandan, is often used to give a refreshing, fragrant flavor to south-east Asian dishes
Besides its culinary value, pandan leaves are used in the perfume industry and also medicinally as a diuretic, cardio-tonic and anti-diabetic
Jimtaisong et al., 2013
Medical (10)
The effects of Pandanus amaryllifolius (Roxb.) leaf water extracts on fructose-induced metabolic syndrome rat model
The present study demonstrates for the first time that PA leaf water extracts treatment of metabolic syndrome induced by fructose attenuates or reverse the metabolic changes by reducing body weight gain, BMI, abdominal adipose tissues deposition, adipocytes sizes in abdominal fat tissues, systolic and diastolic BP, FPG, TG and increasing HDL levels with neutral effects on inflammatory biomarkers.
Therefore, this suggest beneficial effect of PA in improving metabolic syndrome components
It is suggested that, Pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb) could be beneficial for prevention of metabolic syndrome.
It is commonly known as ‘pandan-mabango’ or fragrant screwpine [21]. It can be found in tropical countries like South Asia which produce more than 400 species and widely used as a folk medicine to energize body, reduce fever and relieve indigestion
#
investigated the ability of Pandanus amaryllifolius (PA) leaf water extract to reverse the cluster of diseases in an established rat model induced by fructose in drinking water.
PA has been reported as a valuable herbs for the treatment of diabetes mellitus
Pandan tea has been shown to significantly reduce
postprandial blood sugar in human while aqueous and ethanolic pandan extracts were shown to stimulate insulin secretion in RINm5F cells and inhibit activity of alpha-glucosidase enzyme
#
Reshidan et al., 2019
