INCA EMPIRE

Cácap Inca (“The powerful Inca”) and Sapac Inca (“the Inca, the only one”), were the names used by the subjects, among other titles to call the sovereign of the largest, advanced and implacable empire of the pre-Columbian America. The emperor was the highest authority of the empire and considered the son of the Sun, the supreme deity. He had the control of the executive head of the State, the board of nobles, and the priest that replaced the Inca in his absence. The bosses (curacas) of each province (suyo) had some autonomy in local affairs, but his mandate could not disobey the Inca. The basis of production and organization was in the community led by their traditional boss who became part of the bureaucracy. They worked together and helped each other in community work. What is now called "MINGAS". Each AYLLU or community had to produce for self-consumption and deliver contributions such as products or work to the imperial authorities. The community protected its members, especially orphaned children

Social clases in the inca empire

The authorities occupied a high place in the social scale. At the top was the emperor SAPA INCA descendant of the sun. -His family and the military were part of the imperial court. The great priests were part of the imperial court as well. They had great wealth and influence. - At the service of all were the YANACONAS, who had been taken as slaves in the wars. TOPIC INCA EMPIRE - The capital, Cuzco, became a magnificent city, full of temples and palaces, some of them existing until today (although as part of Spanish buildings).

. ROADS, BRIDGES AND TRIBUTES

One of the inheritances that the Incas owed to Wari Empire was the system of roads through the Andes, which they improved considerably. To pass rivers and streams, they armed quickly hanging bridges, made of ropes, which allowed the passage of their armies, their chasquis and the tribute charges they collected. The chasquis were the messenger of the Inca who were trained to walk long distances. It is known that the total production of a community was divided into three parts: one for the village, another for the Sun and another for the Inca. It means that two-thirds of the local production belonged to the Incas. The Incas, however, did grain reserves that could be distributed, in case from bad harvests, to other parts of the empire.

CHASQUI INCA TRAIL- CAPAC ÑAN The path that joined the four states-regions (suyos) -Commerce route - Means of transportation

THE INCA PACHACUTEC

TUPAC YUPANQUI

HUAYNA CÁPAC

ORGANIZATION OF THE EMPIRE

INCA CULTURE

ORGANIZATION OF SOCIETY

Within the government of the ninth Inca, Pachacutec, there was a first great expansion of the empire, from Titicaca to Junín. Pachacutec divided the empire into four regions or suyos. That is to say, the empire of the four parts of the world, the four cardinal points.

In 1487, there was a confrontation with the Confederation Quito in Atuntaqui, where Cacha Duchicela died and Huayna Cápac won. The bosses of the defeated army of Quito gathered in assembly, and they named Paccha as a Shyri . Huayna Cápac, proposed a marriage alliance. They established his residence in Quito.

The emperor ruled the Tahuantinsuyo in a centralized and autocratic manner. The empire was divided into four «SUYOS» or parts, each one was governed by a great prince. They used this system to improve crops, build irrigation systems and roads. In this way, production and trade increased. The state was managed in an authoritarian way by the warrior groups and priests, who exercised strong and violent repression. The Incas used the «MITMAJ». It was a forced relocation system of entire communities and/or families from one place to another place of the empire.

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The Incas respected the religious forms of the conquered people, but they also demanded the worship of their God “SUN”.

 They built temples and monasteries for women "VIRGINS OF THE SUN", who were dedicated to the worship of the Gods.

 The Incas imposed the language "QUECHUA OR QUICHUA".

 They developed an immense network of roads throughout the empire with a quick service of messengers or CHASQUIS.

Although not all the features or characteristics of life indigenous can be repeated and there are aspects such as authoritarianism that should not be imitated. There is much to learn from the Incas and the aboriginal people in general. For example, the proper use of the environment, the promotion of community work, the habit of doing things in common, a MINGA, the concern to find means of communication. In short, we must understand a philosophy of life, which is Good Living or Sumak Kausay.