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Q11: compare and contrast the properties and functions of channels and…
Q11:
compare and contrast the properties and functions of channels and carriers
SIMILARITIES
type of transport
passive
target molecules
ions
direction of transport
down the concentration gradient
DIFFERENCES
structure
channels:
beta-barrel protein structure
carriers:
usually composed of multiple transmembrane alpha-helices
conformation
channels:
fixed, either closed or open
carriers:
flexible, closed to one environment and open to the other
direction of transport
carriers:
can also work against concentration gradient
mechanism of transport
channels:
form pores throughout the membrane allowing free passage of the target molecules
carriers:
bind the target molecule on one side of the membrane and release it on the other
type of transport
carriers:
can also perform active transport (primary or secondary)
ATP consuption
channels:
never
carriers:
only in primary active transport
target molecules
carriers:
can also target other types of molecules
classification
channels:
voltage-gated, ligand-dependant, mechanically-dependant
carriers:
gradient-driven, ATP-driven
transport rate
channels:
high, represented by a straight slope increasing as gradient concentration increases
carriers:
lower than channels, represented by a curved increasing slope that reaches a plateau when all transporters are occupied