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BIOLOGY MINDMAP, image, image, image, image, image, image, image, image,…
BIOLOGY MINDMAP
ENZYMES
Catalysts are substances that speed up (accelerate) chemical reactions, without being changed or used up.
Activation energy (EA) is the energy barrier that is the minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction.
Substrate is the particular target molecule that each enzyme has. Substrates are the reactants that enzymes work on in enzyme-catalyzed reactions.
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PROTEINS
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Denaturation is a process that results in proteins to lose their original three dimensional structure and so, their biological function.
Hemoglobin is a transport protein that is found in red blood cells and that carries oxygen in the bloodstream throughout the body.
RNA
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is the RNA that carries the genetic information (code) from DNA, which is found in the nucleus or nucleoid region, to the ribosomes, which are found in cytoplasm.
Transfer RNA (tRNA) is the RNA that carries the amino acids from cytoplasm to the ribosomes, according to the genetic information (code) in mRNA.
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is the RNA that is found in the structure of the ribosomes, together with ribosomal proteins.
ATP
The dehydration synthesis / production of ATP from ADP by adding a phosphate group to ADP is called phosphorylation.
The hydrolysis of ATP to ADP by removing a phosphate group from ATP is called dephosphorylation. In other words, dephosphorylation is the breakdown of high energy phosphate bonds found in ATP, which results with the release of a phosphate group.
VITAMINS
Vitamins are organic molecules that are essential nutrients which an living organism requires in small amounts for the proper functioning of its metabolism.
DNA
The structure formed by double-stranded molecules of nucleic acids such as DNA is called double helix.
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